International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: Piliostigma reticulatum (DC) Hoechst (Syn. Bauhinia reticulate DC) - Leguminosae is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine against peptic ulcer. Effects of its methanolic root extract on basal gastric acid secretion and on ethanol and piroxicam-induced ulceration in rats were evaluated in this study. The methanolic extract evoked a dose-dependent decrease in gastric secretion and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced ulcer index induced by ethanol (27.3 - 63.60%) and piroxicam (6.25 - 68.75%). Histopathological studies…

Abstract: NIPRISAN®, an antisickling phytomedicine for the management of sickle cell crises, was developed at the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) from a traditional medicine used among the Yoruba people of Nigeria, for the treatment of “abiku” or “ogbanje” – a condition characterized by high frequency of ill health, painful crises, jaundice and childhood death. The product is prepared from the seeds of Piper guineense; flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllata; stem parts of Pterocarpus osun…

Abstract: Afzelia gum was obtained from the bark exudates of Afzelia africana plant, characterized and evaluated for its compaction properties in hydrochlorothiazide tablet formulations. Compressional properties of the formulations were analyzed using density measurements and the Heckel equation as assessment parameter. Formulations containing Afzelia gum as a binder show a slower onset and lower extent of plastic deformation than those containing the 2 standard binders, tragacanth and gelatin. While retative density Db valu…

Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential, heamatological and histological changes induced in rats due to the administration of methanolic extracts of Ficus thonningii leaves. Fifteen wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 5 rats per group to measure the anti-inflammatory activity using the inhibition of carageenan-induced oedema. For the acute oral toxicity test, twenty mice divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each were used. The doses of the extract given were 0.2, 0.4, and 1.0 g/kg bo…

Abstract: A new antibacterial agent 51, 71 dimethyl 61– hydroxy 31, phenyl 3 a - amine b - yne sitosterol 1 has been isolated from Datura metel leaves. The structure of 1 was established using 13C, 1H NMR, IR and MS spectroscopic data. Compound 1 displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabis, Solmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumonia but could not inhibit Escherichia coli. This result supported the use of Datura metel in phytomedicine for the treatm…

Abstract: This project sought to obtain information regarding the perceptions of oncologists with regards to the ototoxic effects of cancer chemotherapy. Ten oncologists from 2 public hospitals in Gauteng participated in this project. Data were collected from self- administered questionnaires completed by participants. Using a qualitative and quantitative paradigm, data analysis utilized content analysis and descriptive statistics. Only 50% of the participants reported referring patients for audiological management during th…

Abstract: This study has been done to evaluate the interactions between acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Helichrysum longifolium in combination with six first-line antibiotics comprising of Penicillin G sodium, Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin and Ciprofloxacin using both the time-kill and the chequerboard methods and against a panel of bacterial isolates comprised of referenced, clinical and environmental strains. The time-kill method revealed the highest bactericidal ac…

Abstract: To study the anti- athletic fatigue effects of saponins from American ginseng (SAG), male Kunming mice were randomized into 4 groups equally based on body weight after one week adoption, and they are: C group (control mice given distilled water for 14 days), LS group (mice treated SAG with 50 mg/kg for 14 days), MS group (mice treated SAG with 100 mg/kg for 14 days) and HS group (mice treated SAG with 200 mg/kg for 14 days). The C group was given distilled water and LS, MS; HS groups were given various doses of SAG…

Abstract: Cassia fistula Linn, a semi-wild Indian labrum has been used in the treatment of various diseases in different parts of the world since time immemorial. In Indian literature there has been multiple descriptions regarding its usefulness in the treatment of various diseases. Some authors have reported its antibacterial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic potentials. Many other authors have indicated towards the free radical scavenging and antioxidant potential of C. fistula both in vitro as well as in viv…

Abstract: In the present study, we have investigated the possible CNS (Central Nervous System) depressant and analgesic action of the methanol extract of Aphanamixis polystachya leaf. Its CNS depressant activity was evaluated by using thiopental sodium- induced sleeping time, hole cross and open field tests. The analgesic activity was also investigated for its central and peripheral pharmacological actions using hot plate and tail immersion test and acetic acid -induced writhing test in mice respectively. The extract decreas…

Abstract: The anticonvulsant activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria (Afzel) was investigated by testing the effects of the extract on strychnine-, picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazole induced seizures in mice. Experiments were carried out on male albino mice and the animals were randomly allotted to the different control and test groups. The extract, at a dose of 200 mg/kg, prolonged the onset of seizures from strychnine, picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazole in the animals. Acute toxicity testing produced a me…

Abstract: The essential oil isolated from the resin of Aucoumea klaineana Pierre (Burseraceae) by Hydrodistillation was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and combined Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The analysis led to the identification of 28 components. This oil contained mainly monoterpenoids (96.06%) in which p-acetyl anisole is the single benzenic compound (0.18%). The predominant constituents in the essential oil were -3-carene (72.31%), p-cymene (3.76%), limonene (4.04%), terpinolene (6.28%)…

Abstract: A simple isocratic reversed phase HPLC method was developed and validated for the analysis of pregabalin in bulk, pharmaceutical formulations and human urine samples, the separation was accomplished on a C18 5 µm ODS hypersil column (250 mm × 4.6 mm) using a methanol acetonitrile - 0.02 M di - potassium hydrogen orthophosphate (K 2HPO 4) (pH - 7.00) (3: 1: 16, v/v/v) mobile phase. The compound eluted isocratically at a flow rate of 1.0 ml /min. The UV detector was set at 210 nm for the detection of pregabalin. The…

Abstract: Leptadenia hastata (Pers.) Decne is a wild plant used as vegetable by many African populations and medicine due to its nutritive and therapeutic properties for the treatment of wounds and stomach upset in children. Acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts from its leaves were investigated against five selected bacterial species and two fungal species. Aqueous extract markedly inhibited the growth of Salmonella paratyphi and Escherichia coli at 30 mg/ml and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 60 mg/ml. The activity exhibited by…

Abstract: An accurate, sensitive and simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay with UV detection has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of etoricoxib and its internal standard (IS) flurbiprofen in plasma has been developed. After plasma samples clean up by protein precipitation, followed by solvent evaporation and reconstitution with the mobile phase, an aliquot of the resulted solution were injected into the chromatograph. Peaks were eluted from a Novapak-C8 column using a mobil…