MOSP - Macao Scientific Publishers

Research Article

Factors associated with infections in diabetic population

Syed Wasif Gillani*, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Shameni Sundram, Yelly Oktavia Sari, Mirza Baig and Muhammad Shahid Iqbal

Abstract: Increase in the prevalence of diabetes worldwide and it becoming an epidemic has resulted in a clinical research shift to the management of diabetes mellitus globally. The study aimed to investigate the socio-demographic differences among diabetes patients with infection incidence. The study was conducted in an urban, governmental hospital in Penang Malaysia. The records of patients, more than and equal to age 18 years, who were admitted with diabetes mellitus between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2010 were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 17®. This study was approved by the hospitals “Clinical Research Committee (CRC)” as well as “Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH)”. During the time period of January 2008 through December 2010, there were total 2174 diabetes patients admitted; 2174 (100%) patients’ charts were reviewed. Of the total, 1063 (48.9%) were males and the rest, 1111 (51.1%), females. Mean and standard distribution (SD) showed females have less mean age distribution (35.2 ±4.187 years) as compared to males (37.9±5.724 years). A total of 798 (36.7%) had infection exposure before and/or during hospital admission; statistical significance (p[...] Read More.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, infections, factors association, clinical management, metabolic disorder, endocrinology.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1122

Research Article

Phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of anticandidal activity of Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jaeq. (Sapindaceae)

Muhammad Khurram,*, Abdul Hameed, Muhammad Usman Amin, Ahtasham Gul, Naseem Ullah, Mohammad Hassan, Abdul Qayum, Kamran Ahmad Chishti and Wajeeha Manzoor

Abstract: The activity of fractions derived from hydroalcoholic extract of Dodonaea viscosa leaves against Candida albicans (Cl. I. 4043) was evaluated. The hydroalcoholic extract was sequentially fractionated to give n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and n-butanol fractions that were subjected to qualitative phytochemical analyses. Disk diffusion assay was used in preliminary anticandidal screening with clotrimazole and chloroform serving as positive and negative controls, respectively. Optimized solvent systems were used for thin layer chromatography (TLC) that was followed by contact bioautography to evaluate the bioactivities of the fractions. Using broth microdilution technique, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the individual fractions were established. With the exception of aqueous fraction all the fractions exhibited anticandidal activities (zone of inhibition 10 mm) in preliminary screening against test yeast. However, n-hexane fraction showed two inhibition zones at Rf = 0.14 and 0.60 in contact bioautography, which indicates location of inhibitory compounds. The MIC of 62.5 µg/ml also supports the presence of anticandidal moieties in n-hexane fraction. Flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and steroids were the main metabolites indicated in phytochemical screenings.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Dodonaea viscosa, Sapindaceae, anticandidal activity, contact bioautography.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1153

Research Article

Effect of rosmarinic acid on estrogen, FSH and LH in female diabetic rats

Aleih Ghasemzadeh, Arash Khaki*, Laya Farzadi, AmirAfshin Khaki, Mehdi Marjani, Hamidreza Ahmadi Ashteani, Bushra A. Hamdi, Elham Ghadamkheir, Meisam Naeimikararoudi and Elaheh Ouladsahebmadarek

Abstract: Rosmarinic acid from the plants quenched superoxide radicals from xanthine oxidase and inhibited cyclooxygenase I and II enzymes. Antioxidants have essential effect on diabetes. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes mellitus. Wistar male rat (n=40) were allocated into three groups, control group (n=10), rosmarinic acid (Ro) group that received 5 mg/rat (gavage) (n=10) and diabetic group that received 55 mg/kg (IP) streptozotocin (STZ) (n=20) which was subdivided into two groups of 10; STZ group and treatment group. Treatment group received 55 mg/kg (IP) STZ plus 5 mg/rat Ro daily for 4 weeks, respectively. However, the control group just received an equal volume of distilled water daily (gavage). Diabetes was induced by a single (IP) injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Animals were kept in standard condition. In 28 days after inducing, diabetic 5 cc of blood were collected for sex hormones, TAC and MDA levels from the whole groups analysis. Level of MDA significantly decreased in group that has received 5 mg/rat of Ro (P[...] Read More.

Keywords: Rosmarinic acid, diabetic, female sex hormone, streptozotocin.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1238

Research Article

Determination of gliclazide in a tablet dosage form in the presence of metformin hydrochloride by ion pair â€“ reversed phase liquid chromatographic technique

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: This study describes the development and validation of an isocratic HPLC method for the stability of gliclazide assay in the presence of metformin hydrochloride (MET) in pharmaceutical dosage forms using ion pair - reversed phase liquid chromatographic technique. The ion pairing agent used in this study is tetrabutyl ammonium hydrogen sulphate (TBHS). The TBHS 0.030 molar solution in water was adjusted to pH 6.0 with 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and was used as buffer. The composition of the buffer and acetonitrile used was 40:60 (v/v) on reverse phased column, bonded with octadecyl silane, while the wave length used was 225 nm. As such, the drug gave a linear response (r2>0.999). The method was found to be selective, precise, accurate and robust, and can be used for quality control assay of the bulk and finished dosage form as a single dose in combination with metformin hydrochloride.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Ion pair, reversed phase, UV detection, gliclazide.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1390

Research Article

Effects of oral isotretinoin on serum lipids and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in acne vulgaris patients

Hassan Ahmadvand*, Amir Majdaldin Amir Javanbakht and Hussein Matooriyan Pour

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ISSN 2326-7267 Vol. 11 (5), pp. 001-004, May, 2022. © International Scholars Journals

Full Length Research Paper

Effects of oral isotretinoin on serum lipids and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in acne vulgaris patients

Hassan Ahmadvand¹*, Amir Majdaldin Amir Javanbakht² and Hussein Matooriyan Pour²

¹Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

²Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

Accepted 12 May, 2021

The aim of the present study was the evaluation of serum level of lipids and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities in patients with acne vulgaris undergoing isotretinoin treatment. Forty-four patients, with severe acne or moderate acne (age mean 23 6±6.0 year) who were resistant to conventional treatment were supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg/day of oral isotretinoin for 120 days. This study revealed a significant increase in serum level of cholesterol, triglyceride and GGT activity. The findings of this work showed a number of negative effects of isotretinoin on disturbances in lipid profile and antioxidant status, in acne patients. Therefore, to control abnormalities in lipid profiles and oxidative stress, we recommend further studies to use antioxidant such as vitamin E supplementation in patients using isotertinoin.

Key words: Acne vulgaris, isotertinoin, serum lipid, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT).

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1359

Research Article

Peganine isolated from Anisotes trisulcus as a smoking deterrent and anorexigenic agent

A. J. Al-Rehaily*, M. S. Al-Said and K. E. H. ELTahir

Abstract: This study concerns the discovery of the effectiveness of an alcoholic total extract of the aerial parts of the plant Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Vahl family Acanthaceae and its active constituent peganine as a new means for suppression of tobacco intake and as a suppression to appetite (as anorexigenic). The treatment of Wistar rats with the total alcoholic extract in doses of 600 mg/100 mL drinking water decreased oral nicotine intake by 87.7% and food intake by 84.9%. The active constituent peganine in doses of 1.4 mg/mL drinking water decreased nicotine consumption by 79% and food intake by 77.8%. In other experiments in mice, the extract enhanced nicotine actions by more than 70% and mimicked nicotine in inducing intestinal stimulation in the isolated guinea-pig ileum. Peganine is hereby claimed to be a new deterrent for tobacco intake and as anorexigenic agent.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Peganine, Anisotes trisulcus, smoking deterrent, anorexigenic agent.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1449

Research Article

Adult hemodialysis patients: A prospective study on the use of intravenous L-carnitine

Yazar H., Kayhan B. C., Basarali K. M. and Balci M.

Abstract: The use of L-carnitine is very popular in recent years, but because of the lack of clinical trials, they are still sufficiently descriptive, and thus remain a mystery. However, a very common complication in hemodialysis patients is caused by a decrease in the serious incidence put forward by recent studies. This study aims to show if there are common reduced complications in patients using L-carnitine. All the patients treated in our center, and who were included in this study and in each session (three sessions per week for at least four hours of receiving treatment), comprised adults. The assessment of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HBS-HCV) positive patients in the ınfectious diseases specialist took an active part of this study. Our unit of L -carnitine application did not meet our criteria, except a few exceptions, where all patients 3/7 were 1 g IV. The excessive risk group of patients with high blood pressure arterial, in terms of intra-oculer bleeding, were evaluated by a specialist in eye diseases. In this evaluation, dialysis dose adjustments used in the treatment of heparin were taken into consideration. According to the guideline study, some of the incidence of complications are: Hypotension, muscle cramp, restless leg syndrome, nausea and vomiting, headache, chest and back pain, itching and chills and fever. For L- carnitine used in our center during the 12-month period in patients with complications, an average reduction was seen in densities and growth rates of the guideline study according to the following figures: 20% reduction in the incidence of hypotension, 36% reduction in the incidence of muscle cramps, 50% reduction in the incidence of restless leg syndrome, 100% reduction in the incidence of nausea and vomiting, 100% reduction in the incidence of chest and back pain, no change was seen in headache and chills and fever complications, while an increase of 40% was observed for itching. In this study, no change was observed in headache and chills and fever symptoms; although aside itching, all other complications reduced. In patients, itching was examined at the front of those people diagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and in elderly people, and it was concluded that the situation may be a factor for the increase in complications.[...] Read More.

Keywords: L-Carnitine, hemodialysis complications, end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1405

Research Article

In vitro anti-HIV and immunomodulatory potentials of Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) leaf extract

F. M. Awah,*, P. N. Uzoegwu and P. Ifeonu

Abstract: Azadirachta indica (neem) is attributed to have many ethnopharmacological properties and has been postulated to have a significant effect on CD4 counts in HIV/AIDS subjects, however, the precise anti-retroviral mechanism is not yet known. In this study, a hydroacetone extract of A. indica leaves was investigated for its anti-retroviral and immunomodulatory potentials. The effect of the neem leaf extract on acute HIV infectivity and fusion was measured by the syncytia formation assay on HIV-1-infected C8166 CD4+ cells. The inhibitory effect of the extract on reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase activity and HIV p24 antigen expression were evaluated in the culture supernatant. The extract was also assessed for its ability to decrease the phenotypic expression of the immune activation markers CD38 and CD69. Results from a syncytium formation assay indicated that the extract blocked HIV-1 envelope-mediated membrane fusion. The extract inhibited HIV-1 replication in C8166 CD4+ cells in vitro by inhibiting the biochemical activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the result being a subsequent decrease in HIV p24 antigen concentration. In the effective dose range, no cytotoxicity was detected on uninfected target cells. Ex vivo the extract exhibited a dose dependent reduction in the levels of the immune activation marker CD38 and CD69 on phytohemagglutinin A (PHA) stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The observed anti-HIV activity and immunomodulatory potentials of the extract shows that neem could impart health benefits to HIV/AIDS patients possibly by acting as fusion or reverse transcriptase inhibitors and also down-regulate hyperimmune activation.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Anti-HIV activity, immunomodulatory activity, Azadirachta indica.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1562

Research Article

Biodegradable methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactide) nanoparticles for controlled delivery of dacarbazine: Preparation, characterization and anticancer activity evaluation

Bao-yue Ding,†, Wei Zhang,†, Xin Wu, Xiang Wang, Wei fan, Shen Gao*, Jing Gao, Lu-lu Ma, Xue-ying Ding and Qiang Hao

Abstract: Dacarbazine (DTIC) loaded or blank methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactide) (MPEG-PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by modified w/o/w double emulsion-solvent evaporation method through ultrasonic processor without any additional additives. The hemolytic test and cytotoxicity test of blank MPEG-PLA NPs demonstrated that the obtained drug delivery system is safety. Its particle size distribution, morphology, drug loading, drug release profile and anticancer activity in vitro were studied in detail. The small sized nanoparticles (NPs) with a particle size of 144.2±7.8 nm in diameter and drug encapsulation efficiency of 70.1±2.3% are easy to be dispersed in water and suitable for vascular administration. The drug release pattern was biphasic with a fast release rate followed by a slow one. The in vitro and in vivo study results demonstrated that compared with free DTIC, DTIC loaded MPEG-PLA NPs could induce more apoptosis of cancer cell and showed enhanced antitumor activity. The described DTIC loaded MPEG-PLA nanoparticle in this paper might be a novel potential formulation for metastatic melanoma therapy.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Malignant melanoma, dacarbazine, methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactide), double emulsion and solvent evaporation method, nanoparticles, anticancer activity.

Int. J. Pharm. & Pharmacol. 2020, 11(1), 1-6;

Full text

Download：1513

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology