International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: Adipose tissue, in addition to storing energy, secretes numerous factors implicated in modulating insulin, sensitivity and energy balance, such as leptin, adiponectin, TNF- and resistin. Resistin, is a hormone that is produced by fatty cells, a recently described adipokine belonging to the cysteine-rich secretory protein family, was originally described as an adipocyte-derived polypeptide that links obesity and insulin resistance in mice. However, in humans, resistin is expressed at very low concentrations in adipo…

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 min run test on oxidative stress, some antioxidant enzyme activities, and muscle and DNA damage. Twenty two healthy and well trained male athletes were recruited to this study. The12 min run test, cooper test, was applied to the participating athletes. The blood samples were taken before, immediately after and 24 h after the run test, and sera and plasma were separated and then stored at –80°C until the analysis. Serum MDA and NO levels as the indicators of…

Abstract: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal properties and physiochemical screening of the various leaves and stem extracts of Andrographis lineata. Acetone, ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of shade dried plant leaf and stem of A. lineata were tested for antibacterial, antifungal and phytochemical analysis. The antibacterial properties of various extracts of leaves and stem of A. lineata were assayed using the standard disc diffusion method, against fi…

Abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is one of the most commonly used extraction techniques in the course of analysis or preparation. It is environmentally friendly and has some advantages over other conventional extraction methods. This review covers the recent developments of SFE in the extraction of essential oils from the plant materials during the period 2005 to 2011, in particular some factors influencing SFE extraction yield, its characteristics and applications.[...]

Abstract: Pharmacognosy studies have shown that Valeriana officinalis L. roots containing significant amounts of free amino acids such as GABA and other substances like valeric acid and isovalerate. In this study, anticonvulsant effects of V. officinalis (VO) roots aqueous extract, using standard methods of chemical seizure caused by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in mice was assessed. To evaluate mechanisms involved in VO anticonvulsant effects, diazepam and flumazenil were used. After determining the seizure threshold in the con…

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of tetrandrine on the expressions of hypoxia inducible factor1 (HIF1 ) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neovascularized cornea of rats following alkaline burn. A rat model corneal neovascularization (CNV) was established by alkaline burn. The expressions of HIF1 and VEGF before and after tetrandrine treatment were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) and slit-lamp biomicroscopy and photography were done to o…

Abstract: The antibacterial activities of both water and ethanol extracts of Acacia mearnsii de Wild against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The two extracts were very active against the two groups of bacteria. While the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the ethanol extract ranged between 78.1 and 625 µg/ml, the MIC for aqueous extract ranged between 156.3 and 625 µg/ml. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of ethanol extract ranged between 156.3 and 625 µg/ml while that of aqueou…

Abstract: Methanolic stems bark extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (SBSJ) was evaluated for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) - induced hepatic damage in rats. The extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) was administered orally to the animals with hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 (30%, 1.0 ml/kg). In vitro antioxidant potential of the extract was evaluated by using superoxide (O2.-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical scavenging assay. At a concentration of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, the extrac…

Abstract: The study is aimed to investigate the effects of celastrol on the atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice fed an atherogenic diet. All mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. In the last 4 weeks, apoE-/- mice were randomly grouped to receive treatment with either celastrol (2 mg/kg/day in DMSO, i.p.) or vehicle DMSO (n=6 per group). Plasma lipids were determined enzymatically. The area of atherosclerotic lesions was measured by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression…

Abstract: In this study, the wound healing activity of total aqueous extract and the mucilage of leaves of plant Cocculus hirsutus (L) Diels was evaluated on excision wound model. Dermal films were prepared using total aqueous extract, mucilage and polyvinyl alcohol as a polymer base. The prepared polysaccharide solutions of the total extract and the isolated mucilage were evaluated for its physiochemical properties and total bacterial count. The prepared dermal patches were subjected biodegradation studies. The results indi…

Abstract: Protection from effects of the organophosphate insecticide, malathion on the liver and kidney of male Wistar albino rats by -tocopherol and selenium was investigated. Significantly greater (P[...]

Abstract: Kalanchoe pinnata (Family: Crassulaceae) is an important plant which has many traditional medicinal uses. The main objective of this literature review was to give advance information for the drug discovery research for K. pinnata. It was found that this plant showed various pharmacological activities such as anthelmentic, immunosuppressive, wound healing, hepatoprotective, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic, nephroprotective, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, analgesic, anticonvulsant…