In diverse natural and engineered ecosystems, microbial communities play a pivotal role in material cycling and energy conversion. The interplay between community structural characteristics and functional expression is emerging as a critical pathway to understanding system homeostasis and predictability. While existing research has accumulated substantial data on diversity metrics, community assembly processes, interspecies interaction networks, and multi-omics functional analysis, efforts to integrate structural information with functional outputs across scales and establish a unified framework for interaction mechanisms remain fragmented. This study adopts a "structural analysis-interaction network-dynamic regulation and system modeling" approach. Building upon the elucidation of core structural attributes and assembly drivers, it systematically examines the relationships between interspecies interaction types, network topologies, and functional correlations. By incorporating the logic of structural plasticity and functional redundancy maintenance, along with multi-scale modeling strategies, the research explores the ecological consequences of structural-functional dysregulation and potential remediation pathways. The findings aim to provide transferable theoretical and methodological support for predictive understanding and rational regulation of microbial communities.
Keywords: Microbial community structure; Functional redundancy; Interaction network modeling
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Funding
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