International Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology

Abstract: In Nigeria, adolescents have been long identified as vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV/AIDS. They face multiple challenges including unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion, sexual coercion resulting in sexually transmitted infections including HIV and AIDS. The study assessed sexual behavior and knowledge of reproductive health and HIV prevention among secondary school students as part of efforts to plan appropriate interventions among this population. The study employed a cross-sect…

Abstract: Central venous access devices are small, flexible tubes placed in large veins for people who require frequent access to the bloodstream. Educational programs that advance knowledge, skill and competence and determine performance levels for nurses caring for patients with central venous access devices will be effective. Development of criteria rating scale, preparation of Structural Teaching Programme (STP) and content validity were the steps followed to develop STP. The present study was conducted at the New Buildi…

Abstract: Enthesitis is a common manifestation of HLA-B27 positive spondyloarthritis. Here, we report the successful use of adalimumab for the treatment of an unusual case of isolated heel enthesitis, in an HLA-B27 negative patient without additional clinical symptoms of undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence that supports the beneficial use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapies for patients with enthesitis.[...]

Abstract: Sickle cell disease (SCD) and its variants are genetic disorders resulting from the presence of a mutated form of hemoglobin, hemoglobin S (HbS). The most common and severe form of SCD found in Nigeria is homozygous HbS disease (HbSS) which is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. A key component in management of patients with sickle cell anaemia is transfusion therapy. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors for blood transfusion among SCD patients. This was a retrospective stu…

Abstract: Current analysis, involving measurements of biotic and abiotic factors, determined which factor favored cyanobacteria with subsequent concentrations of microcystins in water collected from a public water supply source during the dry and rainy periods and which received residual water from agricultural production systems. Since no microcystins were detected, waters fitted within the maximum limits of 1mg.L-1 for MC-LR. Nevertheless, if aquiculture production systems are not properly administered, especially for the…

Abstract: This study utilized data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2004 to identify the determinants of knowledge about AIDS for women of urban and rural areas of Bangladesh, bi-variate and multivariate logistic regression methods were employed in analyzing data. This study found that a wider gap exists between urban and rural areas regarding knowledge about AIDS, where every 8 out of 10 urban women know about AIDS but almost half of the rural women still do not know about AIDS. Mass media play a major role for…

Abstract: Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) remains a major public health concern, inspite of the adoption of WHO recommended intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for its control in Nigeria. Using interviewer administered questionnaires, information on knowledge of the burden, consequences and the use of SP for malaria control in pregnancy was obtained from 800 mothers within 24 h after delivery at two health centres in Ibadan. Women who attended antenatal care (ANC) at the secondary facilit…

Abstract: In recent years, there has been a rise in applications of mathematical modelling in sexually transmitted infections. This paper outlines a new approach to mathematical modelling that tests intervention efforts on Chlamydia. The aim was to produce a simple model that can be used when new data comes to hand without the need to re-run the simulation. A simple model was developed to study the effects of interventions in lowering rates of Chlamydia in a high-risk population of 16 to 24 year olds. Parameters are informed…

Abstract: Low back pain is the most common orthopedic health problem affecting population globally including Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among university students. A cross sectional approach was conducted and 1000 male students were selected by multistage random sampling technique. A self administered structured questionnaire including socio-demographic data and questions on the risk factors was used to collect data. Out of 1000 male students selected…

Abstract: This review article aimed at exploring the qualitative health research in self-management of type 2 diabetes and patient’s perceptions and experiences of undertaking physical activity and eating behaviour as part of their diabetes self-management. In addition, the study analyzed how the health issue related to diabetes is viewed and addressed in the community of Pakistan and used the concepts of socio-ecological approach to self-management of type 2 diabetes and explored the factors affecting the self-management pr…

Abstract: Isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms present on surface of facilities in wards of selected primary health centres were done. A total of 720 swab specimen from different surfaces (beddings, toilet seats, floor and door handles) were collected in triplicates and analyzed using microbiological standard to evaluate the hygienic status of these wards. Antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out on the pathogenic isolates using selected antibiotics and antifungal agents. The bacterial isolated are Es…

Abstract: Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the major complications of Diabetes that causes progressive damage to the retina. It is a serious sight-threatening disorder that may lead to blindness. The objective of this research was to study the social risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients aiming to gain information for prevention and control. This was a hospital based cross- sectional study conducted among 251 participants in 2016.The questionnaire was composed of 21 close-ended questions and the study wa…