International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: The oral administration of various extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) of Tinospora cordifolia stem (TCS) were found to have potent antidiabetic activity that reduces blood sugar level in streptozotocin-(STZ) induced diabetic rats. In this study, the chronic (100 days) antihyperglycemic effect of the extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w.p.d of TCS were investigated. Insulin was used as a reference drug at a dose of 3 I.U/kg.b.w.p.d. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1C), serum insulin, C-…

Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the effects of saffron extract on gastric acid and pepsin secretion. In this study wistar rats (n = 8) were divided into 3 groups, N-L-Nitro-L- arginine methyl ester (LNAME) + saffron and control groups. In the saffron group 100 mg/kg saffron extract was administered orally for 5 days. In the LNAME + saffron group, 40 mg/kg LNAME was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before using saffron extract. In the control group normal saline was given orally for 5 days before the experiment…

Abstract: The possible protective potentials of quercetin (50 mg/kg, p.o.), green tea extract (1 mg/kg, p.o.) malt extract (625 mg/kg, p.o.) and deprenyl (10 mg/kg, i.p.) against paraquat (PQ) -induced lung injury in rats were examined. PQ was administered twice a week (20 mg/kg, i.p.) with or without daily pretreatment with any of the chosen agents for 3 successive weeks. Changes in the enzymatic activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as reduced glutathione (G…

Abstract: The influence of gentamicin and erythromycin on glucose excursion after oral glucose loads was evaluated in twelve New Zealand rabbits, weighting between 1278 and 1861 g. The rabbits were randomized into three equal groups and were given either 5 mg/kg of Gentamicin i.m., 50 mg/kg of Erythromycin per oral or 0.9% Saline. One hour later, all the rabbits were given 2.5 g/kg of glucose per oral in 5 mls of 0.9% saline. Blood glucose levels were determined just before oral glucose loads, then every 1 h for 4 h, using c…

Abstract: The root, stem-bark and leaves of Terminalia glaucescens were investigated for activity against some pathogenic organisms. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, anthraquinones and phlobatannins (mostly in root and stem -bark). The results of in-vitro antimicrobial screening of the crude methanol extract exhibited a wide range of activity on Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans. The crude leaf…

Abstract: Ethnophytotherapeutic information includes the contribution of indigenous knowledge using plants to provide native remedies for varieties of ailment. In African, various species of plants are used in the traditional medicine for the cure of chronic cardio-vascular diseases, where hypertension is one of them. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain enthnomedical information on the treatment of high blood pressure in the Yoruba speaking communities of Ilugun area of Ogun State. Nine species: (Ficus exasperata…

Abstract: The delivery of anticancer drugs to the brain is profoundly limited by blood-brain barrier (BBB). The purpose of this work is to develop a new carrier for doxorubicin to overcome the BBB. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer, a novel nanoscopic high- branching polymer, was exploited as an efficient carrier of doxorubicin. The MTT assay showed that PAMAM (generation 3) had little cytotoxicity in brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) . The results of fluorescence intensity assay and fluorescent microscopy showed that…

Abstract: Silymarin is a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) that has anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects. It has been used medicinally to treat liver disorders including acute and chronic viral hepatitis, toxin/drug induced hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. The efficacy and dose-response effect of silymarin (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) were assessed against negative and positive control using formalin- induced paw edema in rats as a model of chronic inflammation…

Abstract: Nigella sativa seeds and its oil had been widely used in traditional medicine (particularly in Unani Medicine) for a wide variety of illnesses including bronchial asthma in adults. The adjuvant effect of N. sativa oil in patients of bronchial asthma has already been reported but, no work had yet been done in very common disease of children called wheeze associated lower respiratory tract illness (wheeze associated LRTI). So In the present study 84 patients of wheeze associated LRTI were investigated for any benefic…

Abstract: Studies were conducted on the effect of 50mg/kg each of the aqueous fruit extract of Solanum macrocarpum, α-solanidine, (a steroidal glycoalkaloid found in the Solanaceae), three antihyperlipidaemic drugs nicotinic acid, simvastatin and cholestyramine) on forty two (42) rats made hyperlipidaemic by treating them with 400 mg/kg triton-X for 7 days. The rats were divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each. At 24h, 48h and 72h respectively, the rats in each group were humanely sacrificed and blood samples collected for bioc…

Abstract: Worldwide, it is estimated that over half of all medicines are prescribed, dispensed or sold inappropriately, and that half of all patients fail to take their medicine correctly. Measuring drug use is a requirement for improving drug use either at the individual facility or national level. Much work has been done by World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Network on Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) in providing tools for such measurements. The main objective of this work was to document and compare presc…

Abstract: The aims of this study were to evaluate the knowledge of Nigerian physiotherapists on dosage prescription for topical medications using Finger Tip Unit as an index; and also to determine their opinion on impact and usefulness of pharmacology education on topical medications. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized for this study. The participants were classified into 2 groups: those who had pharmacology education (48 participants) and those without formal education (59 participants) during undergraduate trai…

Abstract: A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of Mastilep gel and topical herbal spray (AV/AMS/15) against treatment of sub clinical mastitis. The mastitis suspected bovine cases presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC) and the instructional livestock farm, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani, Maharashtra state, India were incorporated in study. The cows were screened by performing Mastrip test and Modified California Mastitis Test. All animals were grouped in 3 gro…

Abstract: Accepted 04 March, 2013 Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the bile duct cancer, is a major public health problem in several parts of the world particularly in Southeast Asia. The incidence of CCA in northeastern Thailand is high. The most effective treatment is surgical removal in early stage patients. However most patients present to the hospital in advanced stage, which is inoperable. There is no standard chemotherapy regimen for advanced stage. The life expectancy after being diagnosed is 12 weeks. The existing chemothe…

Abstract: Obesity is an increase in body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat. The aim of this study is to evaluate obesity-related dietary behaviors and to scrutinize the use of anti-obesity drugs and their long term effectiveness versus the risks and side effects associated with these treatments. Through this research we are seeking to explore recent discoveries in order to propel the forces contributing to obesity and towards developing str…