Search for Articles:
Journal:
Subject:

Search Filter

Years
Between: -
Article Types
Search Results (2768)
Order
page
文章
Seter Siziya*, Olusegun Babaniyi, Peter Songolo and Mutale Nsakashalo-Senkwe
Abstract: Tobacco use is the leading cause of non communicable diseases. There is paucity of information on correlates for tobacco smoking among adults in Zambia. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and its correlates in Lusaka urban district. A total of 1928 individuals aged 25 years or older participated in the survey, of which 33.0% were males. About half (53.2%) of the participants were of age 25 to 34 years, and 35.8% of them had attained secondary level of education. Overall, 6.8% of the participants currently smoked cigarettes (17.5% among males, and 1.5% among females). Female respondents were 90% (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.10, 95% CI [0.05, 0.23]) less likely to smoke cigarettes compared to males. Compared to respondents who had[...] Read More.
Keywords: Tobacco smoking, body mass index, adults.
Full text
Views:1476
Download:1458
文章
Salwa Tawfik Abd Al Azeem, Eman Taher Elsayed*, Naglaa Abd El Khalek El Sherbiny and Lamiaa Abd El Gawad ahmed
Abstract: Premarital care (PMC) is a worldwide activity aiming to diagnose, treat unrecognized disorders, and reduce transmission of diseases to couples. The study was an interventional educational prospective study; its aim was to assess and improve knowledge and attitude of 200 medical students in Fayoum University towards premarital care services; through health education intervention in the form of lectures and brochures that address important issues of premarital care. The involved students were interviewed by using closed-ended questionnaires, which were distributed twice, just before the intervention and then after 2 months. A special scoring system was used. Total knowledge score showed significant improvement from 62.44±4.98 to 69.37±3.43, especially as regards components of reproductive health, contents of premarital counseling and the role of PMC in prevention of certain diseases especially hepatitis (significant increase in correct response from 58 to 72%). The main source of knowledge was TV (65.5%). Total attitude score showed significant improvement from 7.89±1.1 to 13.1±.81 especially favorable attitudes towards importance of PMC services, convention to receive such services, and refusal of marriage person with untreated infectious diseases with increase in the percentages to reach 94, 92.5 and 90%, respectively. Females showed better attitudes than males towards PMC. The results reflected the importance of health education as a cornerstone element in improving knowledge and attitude towards premarital care. There is need of continuous health education programs for students to increase their awareness and attitude.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Premarital care, knowledge, attitude, medical students.
Full text
Views:1444
Download:1492
文章
Adekunle Kunle-Olowu*, Onyi Euphemia Kunle-Olowu and Ugwu Moses Emeka
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the coverage for immunization in the first year of life and maternal tetanus toxoid administration in the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), Bayelsa State; this will help in establishing ways of improving coverage. A total of 528 were surveyed retrospectively using the immunization register, 521 (98.7%) had BCG, 512(97.0%) had OPV0, 372 had (70.5%) had OPV1/DPT1/HEPBV1, 313 (59.3%) had OPV2/DPT2/HEPBV2, while only 251(47.5%) had OPV3/DPT3/HEPBV3. Only 94(17.8%) had measles /yellow fever vaccines. However 14.3% of the surveyed children had the complete doses of vaccines. For maternal tetanus toxoid administration, a total of 601 mothers were surveyed using the antenatal and immunization registers. Out of the 601 surveyed, 151(25.2%) and 82(13.6%) had TT1 and TT2 respectively while 368 (61.2%) had both TT1 and TT2 in that pregnancy. The low immunization coverage for children may be detrimental to the attainment of the Millennium Development Goal, aimed at reducing child mortality by 2/3rd in 2015. However the immunization of mothers will contribute effectively to the elimination of neonatal tetanus.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Immunisation, coverage, teaching, hospital.
Full text
Views:1474
Download:1309
文章
Georgia Levidou*, Paraskevi Fragkou, Efstratios Patsouris and Penelope Korkolopoulou
Abstract: Deregulation of the p53 gene is considered to be a prognostic marker in patients with tumours. In this review we are summarizing the results of meta- analyses dealing with the prognostic role of p53 status published in the literature. We found 7 studies examining 5 different tumours (osteosarcoma, ovarian carcinomas (OC), astrocytomas, urothelial bladder carcinomas and non-small lung cell carcinomas (NSCLC)). Significant results are reported in four of the studies (OC and NSLCC). However, most of the studies found significant heterogeneity, particularly those that reported significant results, whereas the majority used the results of univariate survival analysis for quantitative synthesis. Despite the significant information published the last decades regarding the role of p53 alterations in the clinical course of patients with malignant tumours, it could be argued that there is a huge amount of studies that cannot be combined in order to provide more valid and aggregated results.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Overexpression, tumours, p53 protein, immunohistochemistry.
Full text
Views:1355
Download:1253
文章
Abdulraheem I. S.*, Onajole A. T., Jimoh A. A. G. and Oladipo A. R.
Abstract: Mothers play an important role in immunization of their children. A target of 95% immunization coverage is necessary for the sustained control of vaccine preventable diseases. Partial immunization coverage against vaccine preventable diseases is a significant public health problem especially in rural areas in Nigeria. The reasons for partial immunization and factors responsible for missed opportunities are poorly understood and little data is available to explain the phenomenon that could support the decision making. This study aimed at finding out the reasons for partial immunization and factors responsible for missed opportunities for immunization in children less than one year of age. Mothers of children within one year of age were the study subjects using a cross-sectional study design. The immunization card was utilized to check for completeness and correctness of immunization schedule, and also for identifying the appropriate use of all available opportunities for immunization. About two-third (62.8%) of the children were not fully immunized by one year of age, 33.4% had experienced a missed opportunity for immunization and 36.4% were partially and incorrectly immunized. Parents objection, disagreement or concern about immunization safety (38.8%), long distance walking (17.5%) and long waiting time at the health facility (15.2%) are the most common reasons for partial immunization. Missed opportunities for immunization and partial immunization need to be avoided in order to enhance the fully immunized percentage for those children who reach the health facility, especially in rural areas where the immunization coverage is below the expected national coverage (minimum 80%).[...] Read More.
Keywords: Incomplete vaccination, reasons and factors, rural Nigerian children.
Full text
Views:1392
Download:1462
文章
D. D. Atraide, M. R. Akpa and I. O. George*
Abstract: We analyzed the data of patients with skin disorders attending the Dermatology Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria with the aim of identifying common skin disorders in our community. All patients attending the Dermatology Clinic of the UPTH, Nigeria from January 2005 to December 2008 were included in this retrospective analysis. The medical records of the patients (dermographics, history, physical examination and laboratory investigations) were analysed to ascertain the diagnosis. All patients were evaluated by qualified dermatologists. A total of 1,333 patients attended the Dermatology Clinic of UPTH. There were more females 812 (60.9%) than males 521 (39.1%). More than three quarter of the cases were aged above 16 years while less than a quarter were children below 16 years. Infectious diseases 317 (23.8%), mostly fungal 207 (15.5%) were the most common cause for attendance, followed by dermatitis 207 (15.5%) and pigmentary disorders 98 (7.4%). Preventable skin diseases are common in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Health education is therefore necessary to curb their spread, reduce the associated morbidity, and improve the health status of the population. Effort should be made to train health workers in the diagnosis and treatment of the more common dermatologic conditions.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Pattern, skin disorders, infectious diseases, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Full text
Views:1399
Download:1460
文章
Full Length Research Paper
Abstract: We sought to determine the pattern of the concurrent sexual partnerships among Chinese men and its correlates with individual, partnership and community factors. Using data from the Chinese Health and Family Life Survey, we examined the prevalence and distribution of sexual concurrency of 1689 men. A two-level logistic regression was employed to assess variables associated with sexual concurrency. Nine percent of men had concurrent sexual partnerships in preceding year. Sexual concurrency was associated with higher income (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.48), longer traveling time (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.44 to 2.87), and more frequent socializing activities (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.30). Men who perpetrated domestic violence (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.20 to 3.08) and perceived partners having other concurrent partners (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 1.95 to 9.02) were more likely to have concurrent sexual partnerships. Tolerant community attitude towards sexual behavior and community education level showed effects on men’s concurrency involvement. The results contribute to a better understanding of the potential role of concurrent sexual partnerships in the spread of HIV and other STIs in China.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Concurrent sexual partnerships, risk factors, human immunodeficiency virus prevention, Chinese men.
Full text
Views:1580
Download:1390
文章
Fatmah, Yusran
Abstract: Direct and indirect risk factors are implied in increased elders’ visceral fat level, namely socio-economic, gender, age, workload, physical activities and eating pattern. The aim of study was to get the information on visceral fat level and its risk factors amongst The Indonesian Javanese elderly. A total of 812 elder’s (517 women and 295 men) participated in the cross sectional study. Results showed that 12.8% of respondents with high level of visceral fat and 26.7% almost reach high level. Rural and urban areas, educational background, workload when aged 25 and 55 years, and physical activities aged 25 and 55 years had significant correlation with the visceral fat. Body Mass Index (BMI), weight, and height had a significant association with the visceral fat whereas the highest on the BMI (r = 0.896). A decreased visceral fat pattern following reduced weight and height according to sex. Mild physical workload aged 55 years had the opportunity of 2.29 times greater than those who had the heavy workload level at the same age. Nutrition education for elderly should include advice to increase physical activity in order to reduce high level of visceral fat.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Visceral fat, risk factors, elderly, physical activity, workload.
Full text
Views:1341
Download:1491
文章
Yusuf O. B.*, Arulogun O. S., Oladepo O. and Olowokeere F.
Abstract: Gender based violence is gaining more and more recognition, the world over. The prevalence and factors associated with physical violence as it affects both men and women taking into account the hierarchical nature of the data was reported in this study. A descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out on adult women and men in three selected states of Nigeria. A random effect logistic model was fitted. More female respondents had experienced physical violence compared with males. Behavioural factors of partners were found to greatly influence domestic violence against females such as young age and partner’s smoking and drinking status. These results would provide more insights into the determinants of violence in developing country settings.[...] Read More.
Keywords:   Physical violence, intimate partners, multilevel analysis, determinants.
Full text
Views:1349
Download:1431
文章
A. S. Umar*, A. O. Olatunji*, A. O. Abiola, A. Yakubu and M. Oche
Abstract: The study was conducted to assess the knowledge and skills of tutors on Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in some pre-service health training institutions in Nigeria to identify their training needs. The study was a cross sectional survey using a structured self-administered questionnaire and an observational checklist. A total of 62 tutors from 5 pre-service health training institutions were selected. The level of knowledge was assessed using a scoring system as adequate or in adequate. Overall, 25 (40.3%) of respondents’ had adequate knowledge on basic knowledge on immunization concepts, principles and components of Reaching Every Ward approach (REW). The overall mean score was 24.4 ± 2. In all the 5 schools studied, there were no teaching aids (vaccine carriers, ice packs, cold box, AD syringes, safety box, IEC materials and data tools) and no reference materials (REW field guide or immunization in practice) in the school library. In-service training is the only variable that have demonstrated significant statistical association on overall knowledge of respondents’ (df = 1; F = 8.62; P[...] Read More.
Keywords: Tutors, pre-service health training institutions, knowledge, teaching aids, Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), Nigeria.
Full text
Views:1379
Download:1362
Submit Your Manuscript Now