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Vol.1 (2002) Iss. 1

Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

3 Articles | Volume 1 (2002)

Research Article

Physiological and molecular insights into drought tolerance

Sagadevan G Mundree *, Bienyameen Baker, Shaheen Mowla, Shaun Peters, Saberi Marais, Clare Vander Willigen, Kershini Govender, Alice Maredza, Samson Muyanga, Jill M Farrant and Jennifer A Thomson

Abstract: Water is a major limiting factor in world agriculture. In general, most crop plants are highly sensitive to even a mild dehydration stress. There are however, a few genera of plants unique to Southern Africa, called “resurrection plants” which can tolerate extreme water loss or desiccation. We have used Xerophyta viscosa, a representative of the monocotyledonous resurrection plants to isolate genes that are associated with osmotic stress tolerance. Several genes that are differentially expressed, and that confer functional sufficiency to osmotically-stressed Escherichia coli are being studied at the molecular and biochemical levels. In this review, we use this as a basis to discuss the physiological and molecular insights into drought tolerance.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Drought stress, reactive oxygen species, osmoprotectants, abscisic acid, transcription factors.

2002, 1(1), 1-6;

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Research Article

Monoterpenes reduced adducts formation in rats exposed to aflatoxin B1

J. Abiodun Elegbede* and Michael N. Gould

Abstract: Perillyl alcohol and d-limonene are naturally occurring plant compounds that exhibited anti-carcinogenic activities in mammary tumor models. The effects of these monoterpenes at the initiation stage of aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocarcinogenesis were investigated. Male F344 rats were fed Control or treatment diets throughout the study and exposed to aflatoxin for 5 days. Three days after the last aflatoxin dose, blood and liver samples were obtained. Analysis of liver samples showed that both limonene and perillyl alcohol significantly inhibited (p[...] Read More.

Keywords: Aflatoxin B1, hepatocarcinogenesis, monoterpenes, chemoprevention.

2002, 1(1), 1-6;

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Research Article

Influence of carbon source on the expression of Cochliobolus carbonum xylan-degrading enzyme genes

Nyerhovwo J. Tonukari , *, John S. Scott-Craig and Jonathan D. Walton

Abstract: The expression of four Cochliobolus carbonum endo-1,4- -xylanase genes (XYL1, XYL2, XYL3, XYL4), and an exo-1,4- -xylosidase gene (XYP1) was studied following the growth of the fungus in minimal medium containing glucose, sucrose, xylose, xylan, pectin, or cellulose. The XYL1 and XYL2 genes were expressed only when the culture medium contained xylan or cellulose. Both XYL3 and XYL4 are induced by xylose and xylan, and XYP1 expression is induced by xylose, xylan, pectin and cellulose. None of these genes is expressed in glucose or sucrose media. The differential expression of these enzymes may provide means for the fungus to adapt to different conditions.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Cell wall degrading enzymes, Cochliobolus carbonum, xylan, xylanase.

2002, 1(1), 1-6;

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