Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Sixty-nine species and four varieties which belong to twenty eight genera of terrestrial fungi were recovered from polluted and nonpolluted water and mud samples on glucose and cellulose-Czapek's agar at 28˚C. The most common species from the two substrates on the two types of media were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Mycosphaerella tassiana and Penicillium chrysogenum. Twenty-six species belonging to 14 genera were isolated from pollu…

Abstract: In the present investigation an attempt has been done on isolation of actinomycetes from the soil, extracting the antifungal compounds from these isolated actinomycetes and then testing the extract against the growth of Alternaria sps, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sps, and Rhizopus stolonifer. During the investigation it was found that nearly all the extracts were effective against the test fungi and the mycelial growth of fungi is inversely proportional to the concentration of extract.[...]

Abstract: Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a noxious aquatic weed in Nigeria and many parts of the world. A potential mycoherbicidal agent for the control has been identified recently as Myrothecium roridum Tode. The best media for in-vitro propagation was investigated using seven culture media; potato dextrose agar (PDA), malt extract agar (MEA), potato sucrose agar (PSA), sabouraud agar (SA), potato carrot agar (PCA), Czapek-Dox agar (ZA) and a semi artificial diet, which included the material from the fungal host’…

Abstract: Two Candida species were identified by the amplification of the RPS0 gene intron fragment. For this, two pairs of primers were used in PCR analysis performed with genomic DNA of clinical isolates of Candida. The primers designed are highly specific for their respective species and produce amplicons of the expected sizes and fail to amplify any DNA fragment from the other species tested. For Candida glabrata, the size of the amplicon was 406 pb and 150 bp for C. parapsilosis. The designed primers were able to amplif…

Abstract: Yeast of the genus Candida has been recognized as important microorganisms responsible for Nosocomial fungemia. Six isolates of clinical Candida albicans isolated from patients and studied by electrophoretic karyotyping of chromosomal DNA by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Six chromosal DNA profiles were more or less identical. Natural fungicide nystatin is more effective on C. albicans growth than the other synthesitic miconazole nitrate and clotrimazole. The minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% growth of C…

Abstract: Species in the genus Trichoderma are important as commercial source of several enzymes and as biofungicides/growth promoters. The most common biological control agents of the genus are strains of T. harzianum, T. viride and T. viriens. In this study, sixteen selected isolates of T. harzianum from different land use types in Embu, Kenya were tested for anatognism against five soil borne phytopathogenic fungi (Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium sp, Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum f. sp phaseoli and F. oxysporum f. sp Lyc…

Abstract: Debaryomyces hansenii is often found in salty environments. This yeast species is not only halotolerant, but also halophilic. Its genome sequence is known completely, but the mechanisms behind its halotolerance are poorly understood. It was compared to the STL1 protein sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae against the translated sequence from the D. hansenii genome sequence database released by Génolevure. An ORF (DEHA0E01122g) was found with 54% homology and 39% identity with Stl1p from S. cerevisiae. DhSTL1 was he…

Abstract: Three plants were used in this study: Moringa pregrina, Achillea fragrantissima and Coleome droserifolia. Six active constituents were separated from n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Moringa pregrina. These active constituents were lupeol acetate, -amyrin, -amyrin, -sitosterol, - sitosterol-3-O- -D-glucoside and apignin were assayed individually and in combination against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. All constituents were proved to be more antibacterial than antifungal agents. Aspergillus flavus and Fusari…

Abstract: A fungal species namely F1 was isolated from the rhizosphere on the basis of its ability to form halos (zone of solubilization) on Pikovskaya’s agar. F1 was assessed for phosphate solubilization, titratable acidity (TA), gluconate concentration and change in pH over incubation period of 21 days and other plant growth promoting traits. F1 solubilized maximum inorganic phosphorus (662 g P ml-1) from tricalcium phosphate present in the Pikovskaya’s broth on 18th day. The TA followed a similar trend as that of P solubi…

Abstract: In this study, Intergeneric protoplast fusion of the yeast cultures Viz., Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces marxianus was carried out for enhancing production to ethanol temperature tolerance and lactose utilizing characters in a single stain. S. cerevisiae (Parent 1) has ethanol tolerance, whereas, K. marxianus (Parent 2) is temperature tolerant and also has lactose utilizing capacity. Twelve fused cultures were obtained by protoplast fusion. Fused cultures recorded higher DNA content than the parent stra…

Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of glucose and ammonium sulphate in the chlamydosporulation of Candida albicans FMT123-05. Different media were produced and inoculated with C. albicans FMT123- 05. The glucose and ammonium sulphate content were defined using an experimental design (22 + star). Glucose content inhibits C. albicans chlamydosporulation two times more than ammonium sulphate. The mathematical model and the surface response demonstrated that the total absence of carbon and nitrogen sour…

Abstract: The mycelial growth rate, colony character and sporulation pattern of ten fungal isolates, grown on three different culture media viz., Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Czapek’s Dox + Yeast Extract Agar (CYA) and Lignocellulose Agar (LCA) were observed after seven days of incubation at 25±1°C. The colony diameter, culture characteristics (texture, surface and reverse colouration, zonation) and sporulation of selected test fungi were greatly influenced by the type of growth medium used. LCA exhibited comparatively higher…

Abstract: Bottled raphia palm wine was cultured in a laboratory medium amended with 0.5% acetic acid (pH 4.8). Two cultures of identified heat resistant yeast (HRY) and one unidentified yeast species were isolated. Cultures of the isolates grown on potato dextrose agar for 10 days at 26°C, survived pasteurization temperature at 80°C for 20 min and 85°C for 15 min. Of these HRY identified were Byssochlamys nivea, Byssochlamys zollerniae and one unidentified yeast species. To determine the source of contamination, fresh un-pas…

Abstract: Fusarium root rot of maize and beans is a common problem in Taita District, Kenya causing reduction in yields to the small scale farmers. The pathogen attacks maize and beans at all growth stages and causing rot at the seedling stage, yellowing of the leaves, stunted growth and death if severe. Potentially effective crop rotations to maintain the pathogen at low levels are not currently acceptable in this region due to the small size of farms and prices of fungicides which are out of reach to the small scale farmer…

Abstract: Investigations were conducted to evaluate the antifungal activities of the essential oils of Lippia rugosa, Plectranthus glandulosus, Clausena anisata and Vepris heterophylla and some essential oils compounds as citral, geraniol, nerol, citronellol, fenchone, linalool, 1,8 cineol, nerolidol, terpen 4-ol and -terpinolene on mycelia growth of different strains of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genus, common fungi causing spoilage of stored food product. The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate fungal gro…