International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities of extracts from root and stem barks of Pseudospondias microcarpa. The root and stem barks were extracted successively by n-Hexane, Methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, Methanol, Methanol-Methylene Chloride, and ethanol-water. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü 57 and Mucormiehei. Cytoto…

Abstract: The determination and implementation of appropriate dose(s) and dosing in children for effective therapeutic outcome devoid of medication errors is a concern to health practitioners and regulatory authorities. This study surveyed children oral medications on the Liberian pharmaceutical market for appropriate dose/dosage and delivery devices. In the qualitative work, caregivers were interviewed and surveys were conducted in pharmacies for oral medications and the quantitative phase involved the evaluation of the del…

Abstract: The antimicrobial activity of the acetone and methanol extracts of the leaves of Ochna schweinfurthiana F Hoffm (Ochnaceae) obtained through maceration was evaluated using disc diffusion and Nutrient broth dilution techniques. The microorganisms tested were: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 021001, Bacillus subtilis NCTC 8236, Escherichia coli NCTC 10418, Salmonella typhi ATCC19430, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 6750, Candida albicans ATCC 10231; local hospital isolates: Streptococcus pyog…

Abstract: Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. seed oil was used to make a surface coating with antifungal, antibacterial and anti-termite properties. The paint exhibited inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans in a concentration dependent manner. The antibacterial activities were statistically significant (p = 0.05). The repellent action of paint against subterranean termites (Microtermes spp.) was significant (p = 0.03). From these results, it was conclude…

Abstract: The acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous extract of the fresh, unripe berries of Solanum aculeastrum was investigated in male Wistar rats. In the acute toxicity study, toxicity symptoms such as hypoactivity, respiratory distress and epistaxis which disappeared 72 h post treatment, were observed in all the extract treated animals. Except for the 125 mg/kg body weight of the extract, all the other dose levels (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) produced mortality in the animals whose latency was inversely propor…

Abstract: The effects of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica (Family: Meliaceae) leaves on immunological and haematological parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated with a view to ascertaining its involvement in the immunological or inflammatory control of diabetic vascular complications. Total white blood cell, red blood cell, total lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were determined by microscopy. CD4+ cell counts by flow cytometry as well as packed cell volume (PCV), and haemoglobin determination by sp…

Abstract: The paper presents a preliminary report on the observational studies on Senna alata soap for the management of superficial skin infections among the inmates of Ilesa Prison, Nigeria. Thirty three inmates were recruited for the study and randomly distributed into 19 treatments and 14 controls. S. alata leaf powder was incorporated into the soap consisting of caustic soda (NaOH) and palm kernel oil (PKO) to make 1.5% w/w. The herbal soap mixture was poured and allowed to solidify and then cut into stable tablets (65…

Abstract: Black ants considered as heath hazard problem in many parts of the world. Sting of these ants caused local to systematic reactions and sometimes anaphylaxis. In this study, we proved that the black ant (samsum) venom exerts an anti-inflammatory action on mice model. It was proven that the venom inhibited xylene induced ear swelling in mice with a percentage nearly equal to that of diclofenac. This result was supported by the histological studies which revealed that venom reduced the thickness of the inflamed ears a…