International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: Incidence of adverse drug reactions [ADRs] leads to many conflicting discussions about patients safety in many countries. It has been shown that ADRs are more frequent in outpatient department rather than indoors. We wanted to find out if there is similar situation in Morocco as well. Due to lack of National data we investigated the incidence of ADRs in patients of teaching hospital Ibn Sina in Rabat. Out of the total number of patients who attended the above hospital during study period of 5 days in February. Samp…

Abstract: Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted by adipose tissue. Some studies have suggested that leptin may affect learning and memory. The hippocampus has been implicated in many learning and memory functions including spatial memory. The present study is scheduled to investigate the effect of intrahippocampal (IH) injection of different doses of leptin on spatial memory formation. 40 male rats were divided into 4 groups in our experiment: (1) sham (saline treated animals), and (2), (3), (4) intrahippocampal injection of…

Abstract: The present investigation designed to evaluate the phytochemical and pharmacological activity of ethanolic extract of Solanum nigrum in experimental animal models. The ethanolic extract of S. nigrum was used in three different doses (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg bw) to evaluating anti- inflammatory and anti-convulsant activity by employing carrageenan paw edema and Supramaximal electric shock (MES) methods. Ethanolic extract of S. nigrum produced significant anti-inflammatory (P < 0.01) and anti-convulsant (P < 0.05) eff…

Abstract: Leaf and stem volatile oils were obtained differently from Hypoestes phyllostachya ‘Rosea’ (Acanthaceae) in 0.36 and 0.13% yields, respectively. GC -MS analyses revealed 38 compounds are responsible for 99.86% of the leaf oil, and 26 compounds make-up 99.89% of the stem oil. Identified compounds were 26 in leaf, which make-up 93.43% of it; 21 identified in stem, which represent 90.45% of it. Leaf oil is dominated by sesquiterpenoids (69.37%), while stem oil contain mostly sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (87.25%). Most a…

Abstract: Colored potatoes are due to the accumulation of anthocyanins in the stem tubers. The strong antioxidative activity of potato anthocyanins results from the promotion effects of the anthocyanins on the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and is positively correlated to the anthocyanin content, which derives several important pharmacological actions. Both the antioxidative strength and anti-influenza virus activity of potato anthocyanins are determined by the molecular structures of the anthocyanins and this involve…

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro, the effect of three different preparations of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, obtained from 2 mg/ml each of 70% ethanol, hot and cold aqueous extract, as antimicrobial agents using agar diffusion method. The microbes used in this study consisted of one strain of Salmonella typhimurium , two strains each of Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, three strains each of Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumo pneumoniae…

Abstract: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a key target in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We studied the potential anti-AChE activities of Acacia nilotica (Leguminosae) and Rhamnus prinoides (Rhamnaceae) plants that have previously been shown to affect central nervous system activities. Sonicated aqueous extracts of A. nilotica and R. prinoides displayed significant AChE inhibition by about 56 and 53%, respectively, after 5 min incubation at 0.1mg/ml final assay concentration. Inhibition kinetics showed both plant…

Abstract: The aqueous seed extract (AE) of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) is used by some herbal medicine practitioners in Nigeria for the treatment of hypertension. We investigated its effects on the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and Heart Rate (HR) of naïve and 260 mg/kg/day x 10 days pretreated rats. Naïve rats were given bolus injections of (a) - AE (240, 260, 280 mg/kg); (b) - 2 µg/kg of acetylcholine (ACh) + 240, 260, 280 mg/kg of AE; or bolus doses of ACh (1, 2, 4 µg/kg). Results show that 10-day pretreatment signif…

Abstract: The hypoglycaemic effect and acute oral toxicity of graded doses of aqueous extract of Anisopus mannii was investigated in rats. The revised limit dose test of Up and Down procedure was used to determine the acute oral toxicity of the plant. The result revealed that the Median lethal dose of the plant is greater than 3000 mg/kg body weight. The treatment of the rats with varying doses of the plant extract for 28 days in this studies resulted in increases in body weight although not statistically significant (P > 0…

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmaceutical quality of some Ibuprofen tablets dispensed in Nigerian. 19 different brands of Ibuprofen tablets were purchased from pharmacies and open markets in 3 states in Nigeria. The organoleptic and physicochemical properties of these Ibuprofen tablets were assessed according to British Pharmacopoeia (BP), and unofficial standards as recommended by the manufacturers. Of the 19 brands of tablets assessed, 12 brands passed the uniformity of content test while 15 b…

Abstract: In this study, the reliability of informant consensus as a method of selecting medicinal plants for pharmacological screening was tested. Ten plants were selected based on the method and screened for antidiabetic properties using animal experimental model of the disease. The plants were selected from a list of medicinal plants obtained from a botanical survey of the region. A correlation between the two sets of data (Informant vs Experimental ranking orders) was examined. The results show that all the extracts of t…

Abstract: Changes in growth parameters, 14C02 and [U-14C] -sucrose incorporation into the primary metabolic pools and essential oil were investigated in leaves and stems of Catharanthus roseus L. treated with etherel and gibberellic acid (GA). Compared to the control, GA and etherel treatments induced significant phenotypic changes and a decrease in chlorophyll content, carbon assimilation rate, and stomatal conductance. Treatment with etherel led to increased total incorporation of CO2 into the leaves where as total incorpo…

Abstract: Diabetic kidney disease (diabetic nephropathy) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure disease in some parts of the world, and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This review, based on database resources, was undertaken to review the extracellular and intracellular mechanisms involved in the progression of this disease. Growth factors and, signaling pathways, in addition to, hemodynamic and cellular changes play an important role in the pathogenesis of nephropathy from h…

Abstract: Herbal medicines have been shown to cause clinically significant interactions with conventional medicines. Herbal medicines can alter the activity of drug- metabolizing enzymes and transporters, potentially resulting in herb -drug interactions. However, such information is generally not yet available for herbal medicines used only in developing nations. The inhibitory effects of crude extracts of Hypoxis obtusa and Dicoma anomala on cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 were evaluated in vitro…

Abstract: The methanolic fraction of Jatropha curcas was studied for its anti-metastatic activity using B16F10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. Simultaneous administration of methanolic fraction at doses 100 and 200mg/kg, p.o significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited the metastatic colony formation of the melanoma in lungs by 47.54 and 69.52% respectively, with increase in the survival rate of the metastatic tumour bearing animals, as compared to the untreated control animals. Lung collagen hydroxyproline content was highly elevated…