International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: Brimonidine Tartrate is a highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist which reduces intra-ocular pressure (IOP) by reducing aqueous humour production and increasing aqueous humour outflow via the uveoscleral pathway. The objective of the present work was to develop ocular inserts of Brimonidine Tartrate and evaluate their potential for sustained ocular delivery. Matrix-type ocular inserts were prepared by solvent casting technique-employing mercury as substrate and characterized in vitro by drug release studies using…

Abstract: Polymer (PVP K-30) - organophilic clay nanocomposites were prepared, via solution, in which the influence of time from the mixing of the starting materials was studied. With the help of X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), it was possible not only to elucidate the formation of polymeric nanocomposites, but also their process of formation, which occur in short spaces of time. The material resulted in a differential combination of substances with different aspects of…

Abstract: Despite the progress made in medical research in the past decades, the treatment of many diseases including inflammatory diseases is still problematic. Conventional drugs used to ameliorate these conditions are either too expensive or toxic, there is therefore an urgent need to search for newer, cheaper and safer medications. Strophanthus sarmentosus (SMS) is an indigenous plant used in traditional medicine in West Africa for the treatment of inflammatory diseases among other uses. The present study was designed to…

Abstract: A study was conducted in the livestock dairy farm reported with the history of culicoides fly menace during summer season,the farm was treated with the herbal fly repellant product (AV/FRC/18) (supplied by M/S Ayurvet Limited, Baddi, H.P., India) recommended as 1 part with 20 parts of water for application on animal body and 1 part with 40 parts of water for application on drainage channels and animal premises ion the shed. The herbal fly repellant product was assessed for oviposition deterrent activity, ovicidal a…

Abstract: Using alcohols have been recommended for disinfecting and prevention of infections. The present study has been carried out with the aim to determine and compare the efficacy of alcohol Isopropyl and Ethanol (alcohol Ethylic) in reducing contamination of medical check-up instruments. This semi-experimental study has been carried out to compare the influence of two types of alcohols on the medical check-up instruments of NICU and children ward. Before using instruments, their culture samples were prepared and then we…

Abstract: This study was carried out to study the pattern of antimicrobial prescription in OPD and IPD of the department Otolaryngology in a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India. This was a prospective study conducted at the Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, over a period of 12 months. All the patients who attended the ENT OPD and IPD were included. Out of 4800 patients, only 2600 patients were included in the study, 60% (n=1560) were males and 40% (n=1040) were females. Maximum no. of patie…

Abstract: Ficus platyphylla Del. Holl. known as gutta percha tree, grows widely in the Northern part of Nigeria. It has been used traditionally to promote fertility. The present study was aimed to investigate the safety of Ficus platyphylla. Phytochemical, acute and repeat dose toxicity studies were conducted on aqueous extract of the leaves, seeds and bark of Ficus platyphylla. A Limit dose of 3000mg/kg of the aqueous extract was administered orally to female albino rats in sequence to test for acute toxic effect. A dose of…

Abstract: The present study was designed to investigate the comparative effects of chronic consumption of kola nut (COLA NITIDA) and caffeine-diets on exploration, anxiety and fear related behaviours in Swiss white mice. The study was carried out on 30 adult Swiss white mice of both sexes weighing 15.0 to 30.0g using the open field apparatus, the light/dark transition box and the elevated plus-maze. The frequency of rearing for mice fed kola nut diet did not differ significantly compared to control, this was significantly lo…

Abstract: Accumulating data suggest the involvement of renin angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective and therapeutic effects of captopril and valsartan on acetic acid induced- ulcerative colitis in rats. The results were assessed by macroscopic and microscopic examinations of colonic tissues as ell as by biochemical measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor- bet…

Abstract: The aim of this work was to explore the potential of combining two different poloxamers (P407 and P188) with κ-carrageenan and sodium chloride for their utilization in the design of thermosensitive injectable depot systems for drug release. These delivery platforms were designed by combination of two different poloxamers (P407 and P188) with κ-carrageenan and sodium chloride. The addition of 10-15% w/w P188 in the poloxamer solution containing 28% w/w P407 allowed optimal gelation temperatures (24-28 °C) and a quic…

Abstract: Patients with chronic pulmonary diseases may have difficulties with breathing during meals. Our objective in this investigation was to evaluate oxygen saturation and heart rate during a meal in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We evaluated 16 patients with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a stable phase of the disease and 15 healthy volunteers. The oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured by pulse oximetry for 10 minutes before the ingestion of a solid meal with 1800…

Abstract: Tyrosinase inhibition studies are important for agricultural and medicinal applications. Computational predictions and enzymatic assays via kinetics may be used to detect effective inhibitors of tyrosinase. We predicted the 3D structure of tyrosinase from Agaricus bisporus, used a docking algorithm to simulate binding between tyrosinase and oxalic acid (OA), and studied the reversible inhibition of tyrosinase by OA. Simulations were successful (binding energies for Dock6.3 = -18.76 and AutoDock4.2 = -2.47 kcal/mol)…

Abstract: Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mimic based on a polyamide backbone first synthesized and reported by Peter Nielsen in 1991. PNA shows remarkable hybridization properties and has many exciting applications. It is chemically and biologicaly stable and can readily conjugate with peptides and other useful molecules. The search for new chemical modification of the PNA is a very active field of research and new structures are continuosly proposed. Conjugation of an oligonucleotide to some pep…

Abstract: The modulatory effects of sweet almond extract on lipid peroxidation, serum lipids, and histology of pancreas in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats was studied. Serum lipids and lipid peroxidation levels were determined using appropriate chemical techniques. Total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) activities significantly increased in the diabetic groups of animals treated with 300mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weight of sweet almond extract in a dose dependent fashion while high density lipop…

Abstract: The organic soluble extractives of three Bridelia species, B. verrucosa, B. stipularis and B. tomentosa growing in Bangladesh were subjected to screening for antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities. All extractives showed moderate to strong antimicrobial activity against 13 Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains and three fungi where the stem bark of B. tomentosa demonstrated highest inhibition of growth with zone of inhibition of 23.2 mm against Bacillus cereus and 17.5 mm against Candida alb…