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Aanuoluwapo S.A and Babalola A.P
Abstract: This paper examines strategies of developing functional literate citizens in Western Nigeria because it is believed that the problems of unemployment in the area are caused by the non-functional literacy programmes that have been on for long. The aim of the study is to promote the teaching of functional literacy to adults and those who are out of the formal school system so that they can effectively tackle their unemployment situation and then solve their socio-economic problems.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Functional literacy, basic literacy, unemployment, literacy development, western region, gainful employment.
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Otieno Caroline Marygorety Akinyi
Abstract: Long-distance relationships are becoming increasingly common. Studies show that about one third of all dating relationships among university students are long distance. The study attempts to investigate how socialization and gender outcomes in public universities, interact with distance learning status to predict marital stability from the perspective of female students. The objective of this paper is to investigate how gender and long distance studies affect marital stability. It integrates analysis of gender and relationship security in predicting stability of long-distance relationship. The study thus connects the distance relationships to the distance learning associated gender needs among female students and the resultant stability in their marital lives. The study design used mainly qualitative paradigm using case study approach and 10 Focus Group Discussion between 8-10 female students together using structured questionnaires to collect data from married students. 120 female students were purposively sampled to determine their consequent marital situations. The findings reveal that physical separation of partners is associated with increased distress and depression and reductions in relationship satisfaction. The continuous separation over a prolonged period of time due to educational needs has a direct impact on marital stability.[...] Read More.
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Dr.  Nicholas Zarb
Abstract: Further education is perceived to be education’s Cinderella. To combat such a perception, a new metaphor of organizational alignment is delineated, drawing upon the importance of collaboration among different FE organizations. Current alignment theory is based on the premise of competition among such organizations, whereas its application in education is based on neoliberal theory. Such theories are generally eclectic in nature focusing on a number of attributes, such as strategy, mission, employees, clients, and social capital. While these attributes are important, organizational alignment may be better perceived as an organizational capability. A pragmatic approach is utilized to demonstrate the problems inherent in the neoliberal formulation of alignment. Problems include the role of actors within the educational system and the way alignment is perceived by such actors. Furthermore, collaboration, based on organizational networking, may helpfully lessen these problems and create a healthy and vibrant FE sector.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Further education; organizational alignment; neoliberalism; pragmatism; organizational networking.
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Efua Vandyck, Seth Oppong, William Senayah and Elizabeth Ba-ama
Abstract: The knowledge of the role of seats and posture in everyday occupations has generated attention lately. Research has consistently found that the physical characteristics of the job of the machinist in garment production are an important risk factor for muscle pain and injury. The risks have often been linked to conditions such as chairs and awkward postures. Working chairs that are too high or too low result in awkward bodily positions that may cause pain and injuries that may reduce production rates and quality. This paper contrasts evidence on biomechanics of sitting posture and anthropometric measurements for seated workers from western sources with recent empirical evidence in Ghana so as to highlight any differences in ergonomic practices with respect to work seats. Findings from recent empirical study in Ghana revealed that the height and depth of seats of dressmakers and tailors did not meet standards as recommended in the literature. Seats were non-adjustable, had no backrest and seat pads. Our review thereby sheds new light on the effects of difficult practices on dressmakers/ tailors vocation. It is therefore suggested that trade organizations assist garment producers to improve work seats.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Seats attributes, garment manufacturing, ergonomics, Ghana, small scale.
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Jamal Abdil Fattah Al-Assaf and Muhammad Ibrahim Al-Kaddah
Abstract: The study aimed at identifying the degree of secondary stage teachers` recognition of democratic principles and the extent of practicing them in learning processes. In order to realize the goal of the study, a random sample of (117) male and female teachers were selected by the researchers who also prepared the required tools of the study. The results indicated that the degree of secondary stage teachers` recognition and practicing of democratic principles in Jordan was of a high level. In addition there were no statistically significant differences between the recognition of democratic principles and practicing them in Jordan. In the light of those results, the researchers introduced some relevant recommendations, the most prominent of which are adopting democratic principles as a method to be performed at secondary schools thought sharing elected representatives of students, for example, and being open to the civil society organizations to extend the democratic participation of all social categories.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Democracy, recognition, learning processes, learning, secondary stage, Teachers.
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Full Length Research Paper
Abstract: The enactment of Public Procurement and Disposal Act and the public procurement and Disposal Regulations in both developed and developing countries are among the 20th century institutional reforms that have been castigated by the demand for transparency and accountability in the management of public institutions. Such legislative requirements ought to be implemented in public secondary schools due to the fact they are public entities. This study sought to establish the determinants of implementation of public procurement regulations by headteachers in public secondary schools in Migwani District, Kenya. The study was conducted in 27 secondary schools. The study employed descriptive survey design and used questionnaires for 27 headteachers, 27 deputy headteachers, 27 accounts clerks, members of procurement committees and District Schools Auditors. Simple random sampling procedure was used to select the procurement committee members. Data was presented by use of frequency tables and percentages. The study established that there are key determinants that meed to be put in place for effective implementation of the procurement rules and regulations. These includes; the establishment of public procurement structures, exposure of the headteacher to management training, induction of members charged with procurement roles on procurement regulations, financial standing of the school and possible intervention in the implementation of public procurement regulations.  The findings also indicated low level of compliance in the implementation of public procurement regulations.[...] Read More.
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Caroline Wanjiku Karori , Agnes K. Mulewa , Charles Ombuki & Joash A. Migosi
Abstract: Literature shows headteachers’ leadership styles impact on students’ performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (K.C.P.E). Majority of the pupils who sat for K.C.P.E. over the last five years in Kikuyu district had average marks. This is despite the schools having qualified teachers, adequate resources and facilities to enhance effective learning and good performance. This study purposed to investigate the effects of headteachers’ leadership styles on students’ performance in K.C.P.E in public primary schools in Kikuyu district. The study adopted ex-post facto survey research design. All teachers and headteachers in all the public primary schools in Kikuyu district were targeted. Twenty seven headteachers and 154 teachers were randomly sampled from 27 primary schools. Responses were obtained using questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were utilized in data analysis. Findings revealed there was a significant relationship between headteachers’ leadership styles and students’ academic performance. There was no relationship between headteachers’ gender, age, teaching experience and marital status and their leadership styles. Teachers perceived their headteachers as autocratic. Recommendations were that headteachers should enhance their leadership skills and use the most appropriate leadership style for a conducive teaching and learning environment.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Effects, headteachers, academic performance, leadership style, public schools.
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Judith S.K Achoka and Jane Barasa
Abstract: Provision of equal educational opportunities to girls and boys is a key objective of the government of Kenya. This study was conducted in girls’ schools that were converted from co-educational schools in Trans-Nzoia District, Kenya. It sought to determine the effects of the conversion on girls’ discipline. This is in light of the goal that education must prepare and equip the learner with skills, expertise and attitudes that enable him/her to play an active role in National Development. For meaningful realization of this goal, students’ discipline needs to be enhanced in all learning institutions. Secondary schools in Kenya are broadly categorized into three: Boys only, Girls only and co-educational. Apparently, majority of indiscipline issues have been manifested in co-educational schools which consequentially have led to low realization of learning objectives. Studies have cited that girls in co-educational schools face many challenges that deny them the opportunity to benefit from the school system. In reaction, some co-educational schools have opted to be converted into single sex schools by gender. The target population of this study was 11 girls’ secondary schools. Purposive sample technique of 6 schools (54%) out of 11 schools was used. Respondents comprised of 100%: Principals, Deputy Principals, Education secretaries, Heads of guidance and counseling departments, directors of studies and boarding mistresses, totaling 52. Two research instruments: Questionnaires and Interviews schedules were used to collect data. All principals, deputy principals and education secretaries were interviewed while teachers responded to questionnaires. Findings of this study revealed that the conversion from co-educational to single sex schools yielded positive effects on girls’ discipline. Based on the findings it is recommended that other co-educational schools be converted to single sex schools as the conversion seems to enhance good girls’ discipline that is helpful in the achievement of educational objectives.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Co-education, opportunity, discipline, conversion, single sex, gender.
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文章
R. Ravi Kumar
Abstract: The University Education Report had set goals for development of higher education in the country. While articulating these goals Ramakrishnan Commission on University Education, 1948-49 put it in the following words: “The most important and urgent reform needed in education is to transform it, to endeavor to relate it to the life, needs and aspirations of the people and thereby make it the powerful instrument of social, economic and cultural transformation necessary for the realization of the national goals. In the present context, education policies and strategies have to reckon with emerging challenges and opportunities that come from increasing globalization. The task of nation building has to take into account increasing demand for certain professional skills and knowledge that is linked to the labour market. The definition of quality teaching depends on the meaning of “quality”, a multi-layered and complex word.  Quality can be defined as an outcome, a property, or a process. Therefore it is hardly surprising that the phrase “quality teaching” has been given several definitions because definitions of quality are “stakeholder relative”. The National Policy on higher education   of 1986 translate this vision of Radhakrishnan and Kothari Commission in five principles goals  for higher education which include Greater Access, Equal access (or equity), Quality and excellence, Relevance and Promotion of social Values . The policy directions and actions covered in the 1992 “Program of Action “have been developed in a manner such that it translates these goals in to practice, giving the importance of the first three goals, namely Access, Equal Access and quality.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Professional skills, demand for knowledge, university education, quality teaching, stakeholder relative, greater access, quality and excellence, labour market, promotion of social values, equal access, nation building.
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Henry Onderi and Andrew Makori
Abstract: The Kenya’s Education Act 1968 and revised 1980 makes provision for the appointment of sponsors in school management and empowers them to participate in the management of schools or colleges that they sponsor. This article reports on the findings of a study conducted in Kenya. The study utilised a survey design which comprised 81 principals drawn from 81 secondary schools. The schools were purposively sampled. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires, both open and closed-ended and was analysed using Statistical package for social sciences resulting in descriptive statistics and were expressed as percentages. The study mainly focused on role of secondary school sponsors and their relationship with the principal. The study findings report that some school principals had excellent relationship with their sponsors, while some blamed sponsors on a number of areas: undue interference with the running of the schools, harassment and intimidation of the principals and also promoting unnecessary transfer of school principals. Other felt that some people nominated by sponsors to serve in the board of governor lacked necessary exposure, skills and knowledge. The sponsors also offered limited or no financial support to the schools they sponsored. It also emerged in the study that Seventh-day Adventist and Catholic Church were the main sponsors in the study.[...] Read More.
Keywords: Secondary school, Kenya, sponsors, principals, Education Act 1968 and 1980.
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