MOSP - Macao Scientific Publishers

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How provision for ADHD can be made within Schools

Mohaned Abed

Abstract: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) impacts on the social, emotional and academic progress of children, resulting in significant distress and worry on them those to whom they are linked, either directly or indirectly, such as parents, teachers and peers. ADHD is a psychological condition seen frequently in children (Rowland, Lessene and Abramowitz, 2002). Principal ADHD symptoms comprise inappropriate degrees of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity (World Health Organization, 1992). However, children with ADHD require special education, and this paper believes that such children will succeed and achieve more success in schools if appropriate and regular assistance is provided.[...] Read More.

Keywords: ADHD, diagnosis, symptoms, Co-morbidity, assessment of ADHD, intervention, treatment.

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Instructor and student experiences of e-learning at a Tanzanian University

Msonde Sydney Enock and Van Aalst, Jan

Abstract: The establishment of e-learning in higher education institutions in Tanzania has so far led to disappointing learning outcomes. The strategy used by instructors to practice e-learning and their ways of working with technologies does not encourage active learning, which in turn hampers student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore students’ and instructors’ practices of e-learning in Tanzania higher education. The study examined the e-learning experiences of 8 instructors and 120 students at a major university. Data sources included questionnaires administered to the students; interviews with selected students, the instructors, and technicians who provided technical support; and observation of classroom activities and the online learning environment. All qualitative data were analysed through a coding strategy, and quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 16. The results showed that e-learning designs and pedagogical strategies used prevented students from learning collaboratively. The instructors’ experiences of and e-learning designs reflected informational baseline modes of e-learning course delivery. Similarly, the students’ experiences and practices of e-learning were influenced by unreflective e-learning designs and pedagogical strategies resulting in low student involvement in learning. The conclusion is that e-learning designs were inadequate for students to achieve meaningful interactions and substantial learning outcomes.[...] Read More.

Keywords: E-learning, higher education, instructor experiences, student experiences, developing Countries.

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Access to guidance and counseling services and its influence on Studentsâ€™ school life and career choice

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: A study was conducted to examine the influence of secondary school students’ access to guidance and counseling services on school life, attitude towards studies and career choices. The study used descriptive and correlation designs with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire from 152 students; and interview guide to 16 administrators and teachers who are directly involved in guidance and counseling services. The findings reveal that the services offered in the selected schools included: academic, health, moral, and spiritual matters. Although no trained counselor was found, the services offered proved to be moderately effective in influencing students’ study life; and effective in shaping students’ attitude towards studies and career choice. Out of 152 student respondents, only 10(6.6%) reported that they have not been counseled at any moment. Accessing the services showed significant correlation with students’ attitude towards studies and career choice (p = 0.00 at α = 0.05). Likewise, significant relationship was observed between students’ attitude towards studies and career choice (p = 0.015 at α = 0.05). It was concluded that accessing guidance and counseling services has an effect in shaping students’ attitude towards studies and career choice.[...] Read More.

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Building efficient educated citizens in South Western Nigeria

Aanuoluwapo S.A and Babalola A.P

Abstract: This paper examines strategies of developing functional literate citizens in Western Nigeria because it is believed that the problems of unemployment in the area are caused by the non-functional literacy programmes that have been on for long. The aim of the study is to promote the teaching of functional literacy to adults and those who are out of the formal school system so that they can effectively tackle their unemployment situation and then solve their socio-economic problems.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Functional literacy, basic literacy, unemployment, literacy development, western region, gainful employment.

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Impact of distance education on marital stability as perceived by female students at selected Nairobi Public Universities

Otieno Caroline Marygorety Akinyi

Abstract: Long-distance relationships are becoming increasingly common. Studies show that about one third of all dating relationships among university students are long distance. The study attempts to investigate how socialization and gender outcomes in public universities, interact with distance learning status to predict marital stability from the perspective of female students. The objective of this paper is to investigate how gender and long distance studies affect marital stability. It integrates analysis of gender and relationship security in predicting stability of long-distance relationship. The study thus connects the distance relationships to the distance learning associated gender needs among female students and the resultant stability in their marital lives. The study design used mainly qualitative paradigm using case study approach and 10 Focus Group Discussion between 8-10 female students together using structured questionnaires to collect data from married students. 120 female students were purposively sampled to determine their consequent marital situations. The findings reveal that physical separation of partners is associated with increased distress and depression and reductions in relationship satisfaction. The continuous separation over a prolonged period of time due to educational needs has a direct impact on marital stability.[...] Read More.

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Concerning systemic educational alignment: Moving beyond neoliberal discourse

Dr. Nicholas Zarb

Abstract: Further education is perceived to be education’s Cinderella. To combat such a perception, a new metaphor of organizational alignment is delineated, drawing upon the importance of collaboration among different FE organizations. Current alignment theory is based on the premise of competition among such organizations, whereas its application in education is based on neoliberal theory. Such theories are generally eclectic in nature focusing on a number of attributes, such as strategy, mission, employees, clients, and social capital. While these attributes are important, organizational alignment may be better perceived as an organizational capability. A pragmatic approach is utilized to demonstrate the problems inherent in the neoliberal formulation of alignment. Problems include the role of actors within the educational system and the way alignment is perceived by such actors. Furthermore, collaboration, based on organizational networking, may helpfully lessen these problems and create a healthy and vibrant FE sector.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Further education; organizational alignment; neoliberalism; pragmatism; organizational networking.

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A review of ergonomically designed work seats; the situation of small-scale garment producers in Ghana

Efua Vandyck, Seth Oppong, William Senayah and Elizabeth Ba-ama

Abstract: The knowledge of the role of seats and posture in everyday occupations has generated attention lately. Research has consistently found that the physical characteristics of the job of the machinist in garment production are an important risk factor for muscle pain and injury. The risks have often been linked to conditions such as chairs and awkward postures. Working chairs that are too high or too low result in awkward bodily positions that may cause pain and injuries that may reduce production rates and quality. This paper contrasts evidence on biomechanics of sitting posture and anthropometric measurements for seated workers from western sources with recent empirical evidence in Ghana so as to highlight any differences in ergonomic practices with respect to work seats. Findings from recent empirical study in Ghana revealed that the height and depth of seats of dressmakers and tailors did not meet standards as recommended in the literature. Seats were non-adjustable, had no backrest and seat pads. Our review thereby sheds new light on the effects of difficult practices on dressmakers/ tailors vocation. It is therefore suggested that trade organizations assist garment producers to improve work seats.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Seats attributes, garment manufacturing, ergonomics, Ghana, small scale.

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The degree of secondary stage Teachers` recognition of democratic principles and the extent of practicing them in learning processes in Jordan

Jamal Abdil Fattah Al-Assaf and Muhammad Ibrahim Al-Kaddah

Abstract: The study aimed at identifying the degree of secondary stage teachers` recognition of democratic principles and the extent of practicing them in learning processes. In order to realize the goal of the study, a random sample of (117) male and female teachers were selected by the researchers who also prepared the required tools of the study. The results indicated that the degree of secondary stage teachers` recognition and practicing of democratic principles in Jordan was of a high level. In addition there were no statistically significant differences between the recognition of democratic principles and practicing them in Jordan. In the light of those results, the researchers introduced some relevant recommendations, the most prominent of which are adopting democratic principles as a method to be performed at secondary schools thought sharing elected representatives of students, for example, and being open to the civil society organizations to extend the democratic participation of all social categories.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Democracy, recognition, learning processes, learning, secondary stage, Teachers.

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Determinants of implementation of public procurement regulations in Kenyaâ€™s secondary schools

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: The enactment of Public Procurement and Disposal Act and the public procurement and Disposal Regulations in both developed and developing countries are among the 20th century institutional reforms that have been castigated by the demand for transparency and accountability in the management of public institutions. Such legislative requirements ought to be implemented in public secondary schools due to the fact they are public entities. This study sought to establish the determinants of implementation of public procurement regulations by headteachers in public secondary schools in Migwani District, Kenya. The study was conducted in 27 secondary schools. The study employed descriptive survey design and used questionnaires for 27 headteachers, 27 deputy headteachers, 27 accounts clerks, members of procurement committees and District Schools Auditors. Simple random sampling procedure was used to select the procurement committee members. Data was presented by use of frequency tables and percentages. The study established that there are key determinants that meed to be put in place for effective implementation of the procurement rules and regulations. These includes; the establishment of public procurement structures, exposure of the headteacher to management training, induction of members charged with procurement roles on procurement regulations, financial standing of the school and possible intervention in the implementation of public procurement regulations. The findings also indicated low level of compliance in the implementation of public procurement regulations.[...] Read More.

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Effects of head teachersâ€™ leadership styles on the performance of examinations in public primary schools in Kikuyu District, Kenya

Caroline Wanjiku Karori , Agnes K. Mulewa , Charles Ombuki & Joash A. Migosi

Abstract: Literature shows headteachers’ leadership styles impact on students’ performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (K.C.P.E). Majority of the pupils who sat for K.C.P.E. over the last five years in Kikuyu district had average marks. This is despite the schools having qualified teachers, adequate resources and facilities to enhance effective learning and good performance. This study purposed to investigate the effects of headteachers’ leadership styles on students’ performance in K.C.P.E in public primary schools in Kikuyu district. The study adopted ex-post facto survey research design. All teachers and headteachers in all the public primary schools in Kikuyu district were targeted. Twenty seven headteachers and 154 teachers were randomly sampled from 27 primary schools. Responses were obtained using questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were utilized in data analysis. Findings revealed there was a significant relationship between headteachers’ leadership styles and students’ academic performance. There was no relationship between headteachers’ gender, age, teaching experience and marital status and their leadership styles. Teachers perceived their headteachers as autocratic. Recommendations were that headteachers should enhance their leadership skills and use the most appropriate leadership style for a conducive teaching and learning environment.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Effects, headteachers, academic performance, leadership style, public schools.

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