By: Xuexiao Yu*
Abstract: Within the BBNJ Agreement, environmental impact assessment (EIA) functions as a key procedural mechanism for managing activities with potential effects on marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction. By operationalizing the general obligations of UNCLOS, the regime establishes a staged governance framework that combines differentiated preliminary screening, science-based impact assessment, and adaptive post-authorization monitoring. Nevertheless, its effective operation is hindered by overlapping inst…
Keywords: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS); BBNJ Agreement; areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ); Environmental Impact Assessment regime
J. Int. Eco. Glo. Gov. 2026, 3(2), 39-56;
https://doi.org/10.58244/jiegg.263566