MOSP - Macao Scientific Publishers

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Effects of lactic acid, fumaric acid and chlorine dioxide on shelf-life of broiler wings during storage

Canan HECER and Metin GULDAS*

Abstract: In this study, effects of chlorine dioxide (0.3 and 0.5%), lactic acid (0.5 and 1.0%) and fumaric acid (0.5 and 1.0%) on the shelf-life of broiler wings were investigated. The samples were dipped into the experimental solutions for 10 min. and stored at +4°C for 9 days. Microbiologically, the counts of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB), total psychrophilic bacteria (TPB) and ESCHERICHIA COLI were determined and pH values were measured. Compared to the control samples, the TAMB counts were reduced approximately as 13% with chlorine dioxide, 13.5% with lactic acid and 10.5% with fumaric acid. The most effective bacterial reduction on E. COLI was observed in the samples treated with 1.0% of lactic acid as 56 and 1.0% of fumaric acid as 34%. Statistically, the changes determined in the TPB counts were not significant (P>0.05), however they increased as 6 and 7% during the storage. Throughout the storage, the bacterial growth was reduced parallel to the concentration of the chemicals increased. The shelf-life of broiler wings was prolonged 4 days by the experimental solutions. Neither off-flavor nor a negative effect was observed on the sensorial properties by the panelists due to chemical applications.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Broiler, chlorine dioxide, lactic acid, fumaric acid, antimicrobials.

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Density functional theory (DFT) study of C7 Si5 Ge3 cluster as a novel material for vitamin C nano carrier

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: In the present study, structural properties of C7 Si5 Ge3 cluster and interaction between this cluster and vitamin C have been studied extensively utilizing density functional theory (DFT) employing B3LYP exchange correlation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) properties are calculated by using density functional method (B3LYP) with 6-31G, 6-311G* and cc-pvdz as basis sets. Also natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis has been performed for C7 Si5 Ge3 cluster and C7 Si5 Ge3 inside vitamin C. Our results indicate that vitamin C can form stable bindings with C7 Si5 Ge3 cluster through oxygen (O) active site. Thus, we arrive at the prediction that the C7 Si5 Ge3 cluster can be implemented as a novel material for drug delivery applications.[...] Read More.

Keywords: C7 Si5 Ge3, vitamin, nano, nuclear magnetic resonance, natural bond orbital, density functional theory.

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Identify potential chronic heart failure related transcription factors by network analysis

Wu Gang*, Xie Qiang#, Cheng Mian, Jiang Xuejun, Yang Bo and Huang He

Abstract: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by diminished cardiac output and pooling of blood in the venous system. Using transcriptome data, we constructed a regulation network to identify the potential genes that related to heart failure. In the network, some of transcription factors and its’ target genes have been proved to be related to heart failure in previous study. According to the regulation network, we found some new transcription factors and target genes, which have not been proved to be directly related with; we also found MYC, TP53 and ETS2 regulate each other. Our work demonstrated that regulation of network analysis is useful in identification of the candidate genes in heart failure.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Chronic heart failure, transcription factors, regulation network.

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The effect of Ivermectin pour-on administration against natural Nematodirus spathiger infestations and prevalent rate of that in cattle

Khayatnouri Mirhadi*, Garedaghi Yagoob and Safarmashaei Saeid

Abstract: These days one of the real problems that cause the prejudice-economy in animal farms yearly is parasitic disease. For that reason and to prevent these problems the use of antiparasitic drugs is necessary. Ivermectin is a broad spectrum antiparasitic agent and is in different dosage forms such as injection, oral and pour-on. The aims of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin pour-on administration against natural Nematodirus spathiger nematode infections in cattle and also to determine the prevalent rate of this parasite in Tabriz area. In this study, 120 heads of male and female hybrid cattle were used for LPG (larves per gram of feces) feces test. Willis method was applied for feces test and Stoll method was used for counting nematode larvae (LPG). After confirming worm contamination and counting N. spathiger nematode larves in feces in infected animals, ivermectin (0.5 mg/kg) pour-on was administrated. Feces test was repeated in 1, 7, 21 and 28 days after treatment. Results showed that total prevalence of N. spathiger nematode infections was 33.33% in cattle of Tabriz area. The effects of ivermectin pour-on on N. spathiger nematode were 13.37, 44.96, 83.69 and 99.1% in 1, 7, 21 and 28 days respectively. In conclusion, because the effect of this drug against N. spathiger nematode was >99% (p[...] Read More.

Keywords: Ivermectin, pouron administration, Nematodirus spathiger, cattle.

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In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract from selected species of Cephalopods on clinical isolates

Pasiyappazham Ramasamy, Namasivayam Subhapradha, Alagiri Srinivasan, Vairamani Shanmugam, Jayalakshmi Krishnamoorthy and Annaian Shanmugam*

Abstract: Bioactive substances from marine biota have been found useful as special tools in pharmacological and biomedical research. In the present study, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic extracts of six species of cephalopods (Sepia kobiensis, Sepiella inermis, Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Octopus aegina, Octopus aerolatus, Octopus dollfusi) from Cuddalore (Southeast coast of India) was studied. The antimicrobial activity was screened against 10 species of clinically isolated human pathogenic bacteria namely Vibrio chlolerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pnemoniae, Vibrio alginolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parehaemolyticus, Streptococcus sp., Streptococcus pnemoniae, Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli and five fungal strains such as Alternaria alternata, Candida tropicalis, Pencillium italicum, Fusarium equisetii and Candida albicans. Different concentrations such as 25, 50, 75 and 100% were prepared and tested against the microbial strains for their inhibitory activities, using the disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methanolic extract of cephalopods ranged from 60 to 100 mg/ml. The results were discussed in the light of positive and negative control apart from the concentrations tested. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, cephalopods, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), pathogenic microorganisms.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, cephalopods, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), pathogenic microorganisms.

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Isolation and evaluation of antibacterial activity of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus bulgaricus from yogurt

Maria Tufail, Shahzad Hussain*, Farnaz Malik, Tahira Mirza, Ghazala Parveen, Shazia Shafaat, Amina Wajid, Rashid Mahmood, Rafique A. Channa and Alia Sadiq

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) commonly used in food, as starter cultures are known to produce antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocins and have great potential as food bio-preservatives. Yogurt is a probiotic dairy product having Lactobacillus bulgaricus as natural source for fermentation. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin, produced by Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolated from yogurt and tested against pathogenic organisms. The identification of the culture was based on characteristics of the strains of Lactobacillus spp. on the basis of microscopy (morphology), Gram straining, growth at 37 and 45°C, fermentation of different carbohydrate sources and growth in MRS broth. On the basis of all of the identification tests, one strain isolated from the yogurt was identified as L. bulgaricus. Culture supernatants were obtained from the sixty out of hundred isolates of Lactobacillus spp. exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activity against strains of Bacillus subtilis, ATCC #6633, Escherichia coli, ATCC, #10536, Salmonella typhi, ATCC# 19430, Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC #6538, Vibrio cholerae, ATCC #25870. Specifically, Vibrio cholerae was found most sensitive to bacteriocin, exhibiting maximum zone of inhibition 18.3 mm.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus bulgaricus, bacteriocin, yogurt, antimicrobial activity, Pakistan.

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Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from mobile phones of food handlers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria

*Y.U. Dabai, A.H. Kawo and R.M. Aliyu

Abstract: This research was aimed to determine the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from mobile phones of food handlers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state Nigeria, using aseptic swab technique. Hundred swab samples from mobile phones of food handlers were collected. Bacteria Isolated were enumerated using pour plate method and overall mean aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts of 2.70x106CFU/ml was obtained. Bacterial isolates (n=111) belonging to three genera; S. aureus (n=88) Escherichia coli (n=19) and Salmonella spp (n=4) were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of the isolates indicated that the highest sensitivity of 40mm against S. aureus was ciprofloxacin, 30mm against E. coli and Salmonella spp has 26mm. However, Salmonella spp was resistance to nitrofloxacin and chloramphenicol with 0.0mm. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded against ciprofloxacin with 30 and the least resistant drug was chloramphenicol with 0.0mm respectively. The findings are of public health concern since mobile phone may serve as a vehicle for transmission of various bacterial diseases. Since using mobile phones become day to day activities, food vendors and other common people should be sensitized to adhere to infection control measures, such as hand washing, to avoid possible cross-contamination between mobile phones and food items. Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, S. aureus, Mobile phones, zone of inhibition, food handlers. Full Length Research Paper Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria [h1] isolated from mobile phones of food handlers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria *Y.U. Dabai1, A.H. Kawo2 and R.M. Aliyu3 1Department of Public Health And Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, U[h2] smanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 3Department of microbiology, Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. Accepted 23 May, 2019 This research was aimed to determine the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from mobile phones of food handlers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state Nigeria, using aseptic swab technique. Hundred swab samples from mobile phones of food handlers were collected. Bacteria Isolated were enumerated using pour plate method and overall mean aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts of 2.70x106CFU/ml was obtained. Bacterial isolates (n=111) belonging to three genera; S. aureus (n=88) Escherichia coli (n=19) and Salmonella spp (n=4) were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of the isolates indicated that the highest sensitivity of 40mm against S. aureus was ciprofloxacin, 30mm against E. coli and Salmonella spp has 26mm. However, Salmonella spp was resistance to nitrofloxacin and chloramphenicol with 0.0mm. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded against ciprofloxacin with 30 and the least resistant drug was chloramphenicol with 0.0mm respectively. The findings are of public health concern since mobile phone may serve as a vehicle for transmission of various bacterial diseases. Since using mobile phones become day to day activities, food vendors and other common people should be sensitized to adhere to infection control measures, such as hand washing, to avoid possible cross-contamination between mobile phones and food items. Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, S. aureus, Mobile phones, zone of inhibition, food handlers. [h1]Change to lower case “i” [h2]Add U Full Length Research Paper Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from mobile phones of food handlers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria *Y.U. Dabai1, A.H. Kawo2 and R.M. Aliyu3 1Department of Public Health And Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 3Department of microbiology, Faculty of Science, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria. Accepted 23 May, 2019 This research was aimed to determine the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from mobile phones of food handlers in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state Nigeria, using aseptic swab tech

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Characterization of an exopolysaccharide-producing marine bacterium, isolate PSEUDOALTEROMONAS sp. AM

Al- Nahas, M. O., Darwish, M. M., Ali, A. E.* and Amin, M. A.

Abstract: A marine exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing bacterium was isolated from a sponge sample at about 16 m depth in red sea (Huraghada, Egypt). Phenotypic characterization demonstrated that, the bacterium is a gram negative rod motile by means of single polar flagellum, showing wide range of carbohydrate utilization. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S Ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) sequence revealed 99% homology with PSEUDOALTEROMONAS sp., accordingly the name PSEUDOALTEROMONAS sp. AM was proposed. Maximum EPS productivity was achieved after 7 days at pH 7, agitation of 150 rpm in a fermentation medium containing glucose, meat extract and 3% NaCl. The partially purified EPS had emulsifying activity about 78% and retained its stability for about 13 days. Extended emulsion stability for up to 22 days was shown by increasing the concentration of EPS from 0.01 to 0.1% w/v. The EPS elicited a marked antiviral activity against herpes simplex (HSV-I) and showed lysis of plasma clots comparable to pentosan sulphuric polyester as a standard. Preliminary characterization of EPS by complete acid hydrolysis then analysis on paper chromatography revealed the presence of a single brown spot equidistant with authentic glucose indicating that EPS is mainly composed of glucose units. Further investigations will be carried out to realize the full structure and chemical composition of the produced EPS and other possible biotechnological potential.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Exopolysaccharide, Pseudoalteromonas sp., emulsifying activity, antiviral activity, fibrinolytic activity.

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Evaluation of psychiatric morbidity and quality of life in inactive HbsAg carriers

Abdulkadir Küçükbayrak*, Fatih Canan, Aytekin Alçelik, Gülali Akta, Esra Koçoğlu and Tekin Ta

Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection develops in forms from asymptomatic carrier to cirrhosis. There are several studies examining the quality of life of patients with HBV in literature. However, only two studies have investigated the psychiatric morbidity in hepatitis B patients. In this study, we evaluated psychiatric morbidity and quality of life in inactive HbsAg carriers. This case-controlled study was performed among 26 healthy volunteers as control group and 31 inactive HbsAg carriers. Seven (22.5%) of our Hepatitis B patients were found to have an Axis I psychiatric diagnosis. For the carriers, the diagnoses made were major depression (3 patients), major depression with conversion disorder (1 patient), moderate depressive disorder (1 patient), cyclothymic disorder (1 patient), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (1 patient). No significant difference was found between carriers and controls in terms of quality of life scores and anxiety and depression scores. According to these findings, the patients with hepatitis should undergo psychiatric evaluation by a specialist. Also, physicians should be aware that emotional and psychiatric support is not necessary for all of the patients with hepatitis B.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Inactive HbsAg carrier, psychiatric morbidity, quality of life.

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Effect of amino acid requirements on the growth and lactic acid production of PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI culture

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate essential groups of amino acids and effect of amino acid supplementation. P. ACIDILACTICI culture was grown in chemically defined medium (CDM) with initial pH 6.35 and at 30°C. To minimize the number of experiments, the experimental design was based on grouping the metabolic amino acid pool. The selected amino acid groups were the following: a) phenylalanine and tyrosine; b) lysine, methionine, isoleucine; c) leucine and valine and d) histidine. The concentration of each selected amino acid in original CDM was 50 mg/l while its concentration in the modified CDM was reduced to 25 mg/l. Concentrations of biomass, lactic acid, glucose, and selected amino acids were measured. It was found that amount of Ile, Met, and Lys added in CDM-grown P. ACIDILACTICI was directly affected lactic acid production rate. Limitation of Phe, Tyr, Leu, Val, and His concentration added had the largest effect on cell growth and lactic acid production. The maximum specific growth rate (µmax) and the lactic acid production rate obtained from fermentation in modified CDM with 25 mg/l of Phe and Tyr (Run # A) and Leu and Val (Run # C), as compared with fermentation in original CDM, were improved by a factor of 3.4 and a factor of 2.7, respectively. The sub-optimal composition of amino acids in modified CDM was 25 mg/l of Phe, Tyr, Leu and Val at pH 5.5-5.8.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid, amino acid.

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