International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract: Antibiotics are usually prescription only medicines. A high percentage of world’s antibiotics are however used in the community without prescriptions. The study evaluated use of antibiotics without prescription among young adults in Nigeria. A questionnaire was designed to assess reported purchase, name and use of antibiotic without prescription. 38.79% respondents reported purchase of an antibiotic without a prescription. Only 25.86% correctly named an antibiotic as the medicine purchased. Among the respondents wh…

Abstract: This study investigated the bio-distribution and persistence of plasmid DNA following intramuscular and intratumoural administration in a mice model. Validated quantitative method (real-time qPCR) was used to quantify plasmid distribution in the tissue samples collected at 15 min, 1 h, 24 h and 1 week after administration of 100 g (1.5 x 1013 copies) of naked plasmids. Plasmids remained in the circulating blood (3.6 ± 2.2 x 102copies/500 ng gDNA) and injected muscle (2.8 ± 1.1 x 105 copies/500ng gDNA) for up to 1 w…

Abstract: This study was performed between June 17 - 20, 2009, in order to examine knowledge, behavior and the attitudes of pediatricians, who attended the 45th Turkish Congress of Pediatrics in Cappadocia, Turkey, about rational use of antibiotics and to investigate any affecting factors. This was a descriptive study that evaluated the pediatricians’ theory about rational use of antibiotics. The survey sheet used in the study was developed by the researchers in light of information in the literature. The 77.3% of the partic…

Abstract: The medicinal plants used for the treatment of prostate diseases and related efficiency in Foumban were reviewed based on the ethnobotanic, some chemical and biochemical reports. A total of 40 plants species belonging to 29 families have been used to prepare 27 remedies, for treatment of specific prostate ailments such as prostatitis, prostatic adenoma (benign tumour hypertrophy) and cancer of prostate. Two plant species (Raphia mambillensis and Vernonia guineensis) are those widely used, the more valued being V. g…

Abstract: Kava is a herbal anxiolytic drug. The present study investigates the response of central cholinergic neurotransmission to kava treatment by measuring acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in cortex, hippocampus and striatum of adult male rats. The present study demonstrates also the effect of chronic use of kava on some liver and kidney function parameters in the sera of rats. Kava administration (75 mg/kg) induced an increase in AChE activity in the striatum after 1 week. However, significant decreases in the enzym…

Abstract: Proper regulation of the immune response is essential for immune homeostasis. Several proinflammatory cytokines released from activated monocytes mediate inflammation, including interleukine-8 (IL -8) which recruits neutrophils to the site of inflammation. 17 -Estradiol (E2) has a direct role in the modulation of the innate immune function and mediates profound effects on immune function of the monocytes. The effects of 17 -E2 are mediated principally by two receptor subtypes, ER and ER ; both are expressed in mono…

Abstract: The increased interest in the biological activities of the leaves of Mucuna utilis necessitated this study which evaluated the chemical composition, especially the presence of antiphysiological and toxic factors in the leaves. The results of the phytochemical analyses were: alkaloid, 9.60 ± 0.141%; flavonoids, 4.90 ± 0.20%; saponins, 24.60 ± 1.979%; tannins, 32.55 ± 0.778% and cyanoglycosides 20.736± 0.91%.The results showed crude protein to be 31.91 ± 2.60%; carbohydrate, 53.65 ± 2.11%; crude fibre 14.80 ± 0.42%…

Abstract: The anti-hyperglycemic activity of aqueous extract of Melothria maderaspatana Linn. was evaluted in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Free radical scavenging activity of aqueous extract of M. maderaspatana was assessed in vitro using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH). Oral administration of aqueous extract of M. maderaspatana significantly decreased the blood glucose level in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. This extract also lowered the serum cholesterol, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and hepatic…

Abstract: In this study, 90 middle- aged men were randomly assigned to exercise (E, n= 44) and control groups (C, n= 46) to examine the role of physical exercise on serum lipoproteins. While the exercise group participated in a 2-month training program, the control group maintained their previous exercise habits. Serum triglycerides decreased from 1.54 ± 0.10 to 1.27 ± 0.08 mmol/1 (p[...]

Abstract: Cancer continues to represent the largest cause of mortality in the world and claims over 6 million lives each year. An extremely promising strategy for cancer prevention today is chemoprevention, which is defined as the use of synthetic or natural agents (alone or in combination) to block the development of cancer in human beings. Plants, vegetables, herbs and spices used in folk and traditional medicine have been accepted currently as one of the main sources of cancer chemopreventive drug discovery and developmen…

Abstract: In present scenario Acrylamide concentration in processed food products have become a very serious health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) and The Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) of the European Union also confirmed this concern. In laboratory scale, it was found that Acrylamide causes tumors in animals. It is even present in processed food free of microbes indicating the absence of microbial role in Acrylamide formation. This study was aimed to demonstrate the anti-carcinogenic effect of Acrylamide i…

Abstract: Experimental and clinical studies suggest that dihydrotestosterone can be associated with changes in blood pressure. In this work, the effects induced by dihydrotestosterone and dihydrotestosterone-dihydropyrimidine on perfusion pressure and coronary resistance were evaluated, in isolated rat heart using the Langendorff flow model. Additionally, the molecular mechanism involved in the activity exerted by dihydrotestosterone-derivative was characterized. The results showed that dihydrotestosterone- dihydropyrimidine…

Abstract: Ethanol, hot and cold crude water extracts of five medicinal plants namely Vitex doniana (root) , Cassia tora (Leaf), Alstonia boonei (bark), Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (leaf), and Carica papaya (leaf) used as traditionally medicine for anti Salmonella typhi activity in Ebonyi state were evaluated. These plants were screened in-vitro for anti-typhoid activity against 10 clinically selected isolates of S. typhi using the hole-plate diffusion method. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Ethanol, hot and cold…

Abstract: Rational drug usage, clinical regulations and pharmaceutical care are important features of health practice. Thus; we have aimed case report to elaborate the clinical pharmaceutical services. A 3 year old girl, was presented in a hospital with minor burn that happened by spilt hot water on her wrist. She was in severe pain. The emergency ward staff applied an ointment. The doctor instructed injection Dormicum two times with short gape and then 3rd injection of Pavulon (Pancuronium). Patient went silent and started…

Abstract: A novel stability-indicating LC assay method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of Rifabutin in bulk drugs and in pharmaceutical dosage form in the presence of degradation products generated from forced degradation studies. An isocratic, reversed phase LC method was developed to separate the drug from the degradation products, using an Ace5-C18 (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column, and 50 mM ammonium acetate (pH- 4 by acetic acid) and acetonitrile (50:50v/v) as a mobile phase. The detection was carri…