MOSP - Macao Scientific Publishers

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Cross-linked Nanoparticles of Cytarabine: Encapsulation, Storage and In-vitro Release

Nisha Mary Joseph*, Pramod Kumar Sharma

Abstract: This work presents results of the preparation and characterization of nanoparticles for entrapping cytarabine, a chemotherapeutic agent. The particle size analysis indicated a uniform particle size. The study of the release of drug from nanoparticles exhibited a prolonged release profile as studied over a period of 16 hours. The drug release was constant from the 10th to the 16th hours, which showed that the formulation was successful for long-term treatment. The drug entrapment efficiency of the nanoparticles having the same ratio of polymer and drug was about 90.2%. The physical stability of the nanoparticles was good as studied over a period of 4 weeks. These results are promising for producing nanoparticles by entrapping cytarabine, which can be useful for cancer therapy.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Cytarabine, Nanoparticles, In-vitro Release, Sodium Tripolyphosphate

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The Rise of the Global South and UN Reform: How Emerging Powers Reshape Multilateralism

Weimin Ye*

Abstract: The post-World War II international order confronts unprecedented challenges as emerging economies from the Global South gain economic and political influence, creating pressure for structural reforms within the United Nations system. This research examines how emerging powers reshape multilateralism through demands for institutional changes [...] Read More.

Keywords: Global South, United Nations Reform, Multilateralism, Institutional Adaptation

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Relationalism and Technological Hegemony: A Case Study of Sino-U.S. and U.S.-Japan Semiconductor Industry Competition

Xingyu Qian*

Abstract: Relationalism emphasizes the primacy of maintaining cooperative processes, while technological hegemony seeks to safeguard dominant states’ interests by suppressing challengers. This paper conceptualizes suppression as a phenomenon within the process of maintaining relationship, and attempts to explain competitions in the semiconductor industry [...] Read More.

Keywords: Relationality, Technological Hegemony, Semiconductor Industry, Confucian Improvement, Mencius Optimality

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China’s Role in the Global Governance of Synthetic Biology: Between Revisionism and the Status Quo

Xiaohui Xu*

Abstract: As a rapidly evolving frontier technology, synthetic biology poses significant global governance challenges that remain underexplored in international relations. This study combines the institutional design framework of global governance with the status quo–revisionist lens from international political economy to assess China’s role [...] Read More.

Keywords: Global Governance, China, Bounded Revisionism, Synthetic Biology, Emerging Technologies

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The Weaponization of Humanoid Robots from the Perspective of the Security Dilemma: Implications for Global Power and Governance

Mengqiang Liu*, Baoqi Fu

Abstract: The weaponization of artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating. Embodied intelligent systems, especially humanoid robots, are expected to dominate the next generation of artificial intelligence arsenal. These platforms are expected to replace human combatants as the primary force on the future battlefield. This article takes the safety dilemma [...] Read More.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Humanoid Robots, Security Dilemma, Human Replacement, Global Governance

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An Analysis of the Philippine-U.S. Game on Natural Resources and Ecology Issues in the South China Sea and the Trends of Arbitration Weaponization

Zhihao Zheng*

Abstract: Since the Marcos Jr. administration, the Philippines has reasserted a provocative stance in the South China Sea, deepening its coordination with the United States and extending competition into the domain of natural resources and ecology. Issues such as coral reef destruction, biodiversity loss, and fishing disputes have been securitized and employed as strategic instruments [...] Read More.

Keywords: South China Sea Dispute, Natural Resources, Ecology, Arbitration Weaponization, Narrative Framework

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The Four Models of Commons--the Tragedy of the Commons, the Tragedy of the Anti-Commons, the Tragedy of the Semi-Commons and the Comedy of the Commons

Yunhe Jiao*

Abstract: This paper systematically sorts out the four development models of the commons theory - the tragedy of the commons, the tragedy of the anti-commons, the tragedy of the semi-commons and the comedy of the commons, and explores the evolution of public resources under different governance models and their practical. The tragedy of the commons originates [...] Read More.

Keywords: Commons, the Tragedy of the Commons, the Tragedy of Anti-Commons, the Tragedy of Semi-Commons, the Comedy of the Commons

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Lessons of the Cold War and Biden Administration’s China Policy

Yijing Ren*

Abstract: Since entering the period of great-power competition, the discussion around the Cold War analogy and U.S.-China relations has never been settled: in policy community, whether China and the United States are already in a “new Cold War” and whether the United States should launch a “new Cold War” against China are currently hot topics related to [...] Read More.

Keywords: Historical Analogy, Biden Administration, U.S.-China Relations, New Cold War, Great-Power Competition

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