MOSP - Macao Scientific Publishers

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Ethil-cyanoacrylate use for skin closure in patients subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: One of the main factors limiting the use of cyanoacrylate is its high cost. Despite the relatively small amount of literature on this subject, we have been able to demonstrate their safe use in skin closure. Objective: To compare the cyanoacrylate adhesive with the usual techniques of skin closure with surgical thread, assessing its final aesthetic effect and possible complications. Materials And Methods: We studied 126 patients from the Department of General Surgery, Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul in the period from February to October 2009. All patients were randomized immediately before starting the surgery and were divided into two groups: Group 1: 64 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and skin closure with surgical thread - Group 2: 62 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and skin closure with cyanoacrylate adhesive low cost - Superbonder ®. Results: We evaluated 126 patients, mostly female (N = 113).The mean age was 45 years, ranging between 19 and 83 years. Only group 1 had infection (N = 3) and dehiscence (n = 1) surgical wound. Group 2 had 2 cases of seroma versus 1 patient in group 1. The operative time was shorter in group 2 - on average 80.9 minutes versus 94.14 minutes in group 1. Conclusion: The use of ethyl cyanoacrylate (Superbonder ®) had lower rates of infection and wound dehiscence when compared to with nylon 4-0, in addition to shorter operative time. Costs were higher, but still within the acceptable, which makes this a good choice for adhesive skin closure in laparoscopic surgery elective. Keywords: cyanoacrylates, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, sutures, skin.[...] Read More.

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The effect of aqueous seed extract of persea americana (avocado pear) on serum lipid and cholesterol levels in rabbits

*Nwaoguikpe. R . N and Braide. W

Abstract: The research work focused on the effect of aqueous extract of the seed of Persea americana (Avocado) on the cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins levels in the blood of rabbits. A total of thirty rabbits were used of ten in each of groups A, B and C. Group A served as control. The test groups (B and C) were fed ad libitum with starter finish before and after administration of the extracts (w/w) by intubation. Two concentrations of the extracts of 100mg/kg body weight and 200mg/kg bodyweight were administered to groups B and C animals respectively. After two months of feeding, the animals were sacrificed and their serum samples used for the various determinations.. Results showed that for cholesterol, the mean cholesterol levels for the control group A and test groups B and C were: 1.54±0.07, 1.30±0.06 and 0.93±0.03 mmol/L respectively. The triglyceride concentrations were as follows: 1.69±0.03, 0.96±0.1 and 0.65±0.02 mmol/L. For the low density lipoprotein (LDL), the values were: 0.84±012, 0.81±0.02and 0.72±0.01mmol/L.The total lipid concentrations were as follows: 4.01±0.01, 2.62±0.00 and 2.40±0.01mmol/L.Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of the following and values expressed in percentage (%): tannins 21.66±0.0, saponins 51.0±0.0,flavonoids 21.0±0.0, alkaloids 9.43±0.2 and cyanogens glycosides 4.86±0.10 mg . The result of this work shows that the extract of the seed of Persea americana reduced the cholesterol, triglyceride, the LDL cholesterol and the total lipid levels significantly in the sera of the test animal and the effect of the extract was concentration dependent. Moreover, this seed often thrown away as waste, may prove to be an effective remedy for the management of atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and other abnormalities of lipid metabolism in humans. The extract of Persea americana could be of immense therapeutic relevance in the management of hypertension and other cardiovascular episodes.[...] Read More.

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Effect of crude extracts of blighia unijugata on histology of the liver and kidney of adult wistar rats

Aquaisua N. Aquaisua, Rosemary B. Bassey*, Bassey M. Ikpeme, Enobong I. Bassey

Abstract: Reports have been made that the ingestion of unripe Blighia sapida (ackee) fruits may be responsible for poisoning resulting in a substantial number of unexplained deaths. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Blighia unijugata, a sister specie of Blighia sapida on the histology of the liver and kidney. Twenty male rats were divided randomly into four groups of five rats each. Group 1, the control received daily oral dose of distilled water. Group 2, 3 and 4 were administered 424 mg/kg, 849 mg/kg and 1273 mg/kg of Blighia Unijugata respectively for 4 weeks. Phytochemical screening of Blighia Unijugata was done. Weekly body weight of the rats was taken throughout the duration of this experiment. The organs were processed for histology. The preliminary phytochemical screening of Blighia unijugata extract showed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones. There was a statistically significant increase in the body weight of animals in control group and in the animals dosed with 849 mg/kg BU. No histopathological changes were observed in the liver and kidney when compared to control. Therefore, Blighia unijugata is not toxic to the liver and kidney of Wistar rats.[...] Read More.

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Inactivated autogenous vaccine associated with hemotherapy and application of Thuya occidentalis in the homeopathic treatment of canine oral papillomatosis - a case report

Dra. Rachel Siqueira de Queiroz Simões Marins*

Abstract: Oral mucosal tropism also has been documented in humans, canines, primates and wild mammals. The effectiveness of combined therapy has shown greater success in the treatment of cutaneous papillomatosis and oral mucosal lesions. Autogenous vaccine, homeopathy and immunotherapy have been employed in the treatment of the cutaneous lesions and oral mucosal papillomatosis in different species. In the present study, we reported about papillomavirus clinical infection in canines. Based in the clinical analysis, the surgical removal from warts lesions biopsies on the oral mucosal of the canines was carried out. Oral biopsy specimens were confirmed papilloma by the histological examination and the canines were treated by electrocautery. One of them, showed warts again and association of therapy was indicated. Inactivated autogenous vaccine derived from fresh warts, immunotherapy and homeopathy with Thuya occidentalis by orally was applied. The regression of warts was observed after the application of combined treatment and the animal presented no new injuries during the two years of monitoring the clinic case. Keywords: canine papillomavirus, oral mucosa lesions, homeopathy, hemotherapy, autogenous vaccine.[...] Read More.

Keywords: canine papillomavirus, oral mucosa lesions, homeopathy, hemotherapy, autogenous vaccine.

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Clinicopathologic and epithelial regression study in cutaneous warts of bovines infected by papillomavirus

Rachel Siqueira de Queiroz Simões Marins*; Prof. Carlos Eurico Pires Ferreira

Abstract: Multiple tumor samples were collected from 32 bovines (BOS TAURUS TAURUS x BOS TAURUS INDICUS), of both sexes, bearers of pedunculated cutaneous flat and/or mixed papillomatosis. The samples were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin solution and submitted to histothecnique by inclusion in paraffin for hystopatologic analysis and used in the preparation of an autogenous inactivated vaccine for treatment. The objective of the present work is to show the clinical pathological finding and the classic cytomorphologic alterations associated with the infection of bovine papillomavirus and to accompany the epithelial lesion regression after three doses of vaccine. This vaccine program applied was effective not presenting any new injury in the 16 animals vaccined after the experimental period.[...] Read More.

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Antitubercular drug discovery: the molecular modification as promise tool

Luiz Antonio Dutra, Thais Regina Ferreira de Melo, Chung Man Chin, Jean Leandro dos Santos

Abstract: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by etiologic agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. “It has been reported that rates of incidence is increasing and each year around 8.9-9.9 million new cases are detected”. The current TB therapy presents several problems such as long-term therapy, drug resistance, no-compliance to therapy and few therapeutic sources to treat the disease. The discovery of new drugs safer and more efficient is urgent. The molecular modification is an important tool that allows discovering new compounds that can be win these challenges. In this work, we summarize the main strategies useful to obtain a new anti-tubercular drug. Keywords: Tuberculosis; antitubercular drugs; new drugs; molecular modification.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; antitubercular drugs; new drugs; molecular modification.

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Antimicrobial activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) oil against microbes of environmental, clinical and food origin

Bhoj Raj Singh*, Vidya Singh, Raj Karan Singh and N. Ebibeni

Abstract: Out of the 1114 strains belonging to 29 genera and 105 species of microbes (molds, yeasts and bacteria) isolated from different sources [clinical cases, environment (water, air, soil, droppings of lizards and birds), food and healthy animals], 38.2% were sensitive to lemongrass oil discs containing 50 µg oil/disc. All molds, yeasts, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Morganella morganii, most of the Bacillus spp. strains (84.3%), aeromonads (78%), Edwardsiella spp. (73.9%), 53.6% pseudomonads, 53.1% streptococci and 50% of Budvicia aquatica and Leminorella ghirmontii strains were sensitive to lemongrass oil (LGO). On the other hand, all Hafnea alvei, Laclercia adecarboxylata, Xenorhabdus luminescens and majority of Salmonella enterica (98.3%), Citrobacter spp. (93.7%), Providencia spp. and Kluyvera cryocrescens (83.3%), Enterobacter spp. (78.2%), Proteus spp. (78%), Escherichia spp. (77.7%), enterococci (73.7%), Serratia spp. (75%) and Erwinia ananas (75%), Pragia fontium (70.6%), staphylococci (69.8%) and Klebsiella spp. (62.7%) strains were resistant to LGO. MIC of LGO for sensitive strains (tested against discs containing 50 µg LGO) varied from 1 µg to 32 µg /ml while none of the resistant strains had MIC[...] Read More.

Keywords: Lemongrass oil, Antimicrobial activity, Microbes

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Testicular toxicity of B-success herbal supplement in male albino rats

Ejeatuluchukwu Obi, Afonne Onyenmechi Johnson, Orish .E. Orisakwe*

Abstract: The effects of B success, a herbal supplement on the reproductive organs of male albino rats were investigated. The herbal product was given orally to three dose groups of five male rats each, namely 315, 630, 945mg/kg/body weight (b.w) for 90 days and were fed AD LIBITUM with rat chow, the control group received only deionised water. Afterwards, the rats were bled-sacrificed. The testes were excised and weighed, and their protein and DNA determined. Also epididymal sperm count (ESC), testosterone and lead in blood were determined. There was a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) in absolute and relative weights, DNA and protein levels of the testes, and in ESC and testosterone in all the treated animals when compared with the control. Testicular tissues of all the treated animals showed dose dependent spermatocytic arrest. The present work suggests that the high lead content of B Success herbal supplement may be responsible for the testicular toxicity of this herbal supplement.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Testis, lead, B Success, herbal supplement, spermatocyte, testicular toxicity.

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Screening of Annona squamosa extracts for antibacterial activity against some respiratory tract isolates

*M. Yusha’u, D. W. Taura, B. Bello, N. Abdullahi

Abstract: Annona squamosa (L.) leaves were extracted with ethanol using percolation method and the extract obtained was partitioned in chloroform and distilled water at a ratio of 1:1 using 30ml volume. The extract and fractions were tested for antibacterial activity against clinical respiratory tract isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus species, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and α-haemolytic Streptococci using disc diffusion and micro-broth dilution techniques. The extract and fractions were also screened for the presence of plant secondary metabolites using standard procedures. Sensitivity test results showed that water fraction of the plant was active on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae (10 mm) at 50µg/disc concentration while ethanolic extract of the plant was active against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Proteus species at 200µg/disc concentration with zone diameter formed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 mm) being wider than that formed in response to standard Augmentin disc (06 mm). The results of phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, reducing sugars, steroids and tannins in either the ethanolic extract, fraction(s) or both. Keywords: Screening, Annona squamosa, Extracts, Biological activity, Disc diffusion, Broth dilution, Bacteria, Clinical isolates, Secondary metabolites.[...] Read More.

Keywords: Screening, Annona squamosa, Extracts, Biological activity, Disc diffusion, Broth dilution, Bacteria, Clinical isolates, Secondary metabolites.

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Effect of ethanolic extract of ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE leaves on haematological and biochemical parameters of albino rats

Full Length Research Paper

Abstract: Medicinal plants are used in the treatment and management of most diseases worldwide. One of such diseases is diabetes. It is a metabolic disorder characterized by lack of insulin or inadequate supply of insulin. It affects one quarter of the world’s population as reported by World Health Organization. ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE parts are used in the management of diabetes hence the need to study its effect on the biochemical and haematological parameters. The ethanolic extract of A. OCCIDENTALE leaves at 2000, 4000 and 6000mg/kg B.W were administered on albino rats for a period of 42 days (i.e. 6 weeks) and haematological and biochemical parameters investigated. The packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cell values fluctuated during the study period. However, there was no significant difference compared to the control. There was initial increase in white blood cell values for all the groups but fluctuated for the remaining period of study. The liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and protein levels significantly decreased. However, the creatinine and urea levels increased during the study period. The results indicate that A. OCCIDENTALE leaves at doses examined had significant (P[...] Read More.

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