Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Escherichia coli remains a major threat in many places around the globe as a major causative agent of diarrhea and its reservoir in the estuarine environment may play an important role in the survival and transport of pathogenic strains. The final effluents of a peri-urban waste water treatment facility were assessed for surviving E. coli community as free-living or plankton-associated cells in relation to some physicochemical parameter for a year period. The free-living E. coli population densities varied from 0 t…

Abstract: Microorganisms isolated from sawdust have been demonstrated to be effective in its degradation. Eight bacteria and eight fungi were isolated from wet decaying sawdust. These were tested for their capability to degrade sawdust. Among the bacteria, C ellulomonas sp. was found to be the most effective degrading agent based on its high percentage degradation (18.3%). This was followed by Micrococcus sp. (16.0%) and Pseudomonas sp. (14.6%), Cytophaga sp. and Bacillus sp. had the lowest percentage degradation of 0.2 and…

Abstract: One hundred twenty patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in Basrah, 65 (54.2%) males and 55 (45.8%) females, with male: females ratio (1.2:1) and 60 individual without otological problems as control group were included in this study, which done during the period between March 2009 and January 2010. This includes the collection of aural swab samples, culturing of samples, identification of causative agent’s species and antibiotic sensitivity. Gram’s negative bacteria were the commonest microorganism…

Abstract: During the last two decade, twelve wild type 1 poliovirus genotypes have been characterized in Africa. Several distinct clusters have been identified within some of them and appeared to be segregated geographically. This distribution could represent newly emerging genotypes and independent sustained circulation of these lineages or cross border transmission between countries of a single genotype followed by a different natural evolution in each country. Concurrent circulation of more than one poliovirus genotype wa…

Abstract: The aquicultural pathogen Vibrio spp. is popular and harmful to mariculture animals and even resulted in human enterogastrtis. However, little is known about the abundance and distribution of marine pathogen in Bohai Sea. In the present study, the distributions of the typical pathogens, including Escherichia Coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio fluvialis and Vibrio harviyi, were investigated using protein micro array method from the Bohai Sea samples, which collected in spring and summer in 2…

Abstract: Leptin is a protein, which involved intricately in the growth and metabolism of animals and which plays an important role in the regulation of feed intake, energy metabolism, growth and reproduction of cattle. We used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique to screen for DNA polymorphisms of the leptin gene in 112 Iranian Holstein cattle (Bos taurus) in Karaj Animal Breeding Center. PCR was carried out between exon 2 (intron 2). A strategy employing polymerase cha…

Abstract: Lichen (Collema auriforme) collected from Kolli Hills of Tamil Nadu, India and two symbiotic cyanobacteria (Aphanocapsa sp. NTK28, and Nostoc sp. NTK29) were taken for screening antibacterial activity. Alcohol and acetone were used as solvents for extraction of compounds from lichen and symbiotic cyanobacteria. Four clinical isolates of Pseudomonas sp., Escherischia coli, Klebsiella sp., and the Gram positive organism Staphylococcus sp. were used as test organisms. Solvent extracts of lichen showed antibacterial ac…

Abstract: The potato is a tuberous crop that adapt readily to diverse climates. The potato contains vitamins and minerals that have been identified as vital to human nutrition as well as an assortment of phytochemicals, such as carotenoids and polyphenols. Pectobacterium carotovorum is the causative agent for the soft rot induced in potatoes across temperate and tropical regions. Production of ethanol from 10 potato cultivars which were rotten by soft rot (P. carotovorum induced) was effected. Ethanol yield of about 6 - 10 m…

Abstract: Deinococcus radiodurans’ extraordinarily strong radiation resistance was attributed to its high Mn2+ content. DR1709 was one predicted Mn2+ transporter, but after it was disrupted, there were at least ten proteins whose expressions changed markedly, suggesting that the proteins which were expressed differently between the wild type and the mutant may play key roles in this bacterium’s radiation resistance, while DR1709 was only a switch to activate these proteins. To identify if this deduction was true or not, DR17…

Abstract: The ethanol extracts of the root, stem and leaves of Terminalia albida were evaluated for their antibacterial activities using agar diffusion method to justify the ethno botanical uses of the plant parts by the traditional healers in Nigeria. The ethanol extracts of the root, stem and leaves were effective against the test bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis) at all the concentrations used (100 l- 500 mg/ml) . The root extract at 500…

Abstract: Oxidative stress is a main contributor to the hepatotoxic effects of acetaminophen, the Nrf2/ARE pathway has been characterized as an important endogenous mechanism for combating oxidative stress. Taurine plays various important roles in a large number of physiological and pathological conditions in human body, such as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects. It proves that phenol compound has antioxidant effect through involvement of Nrf2/ARE pathway. The taurine phenolic compound (TPC) we synthesized belongs t…

Abstract: Tannin acyl hydrolase is an industrially important enzyme that is mainly used in the food and pharmaceutical industry. As the range of applications of this enzyme is very wide, there is always a scope for novel Tannase with better characteristics, which may be suitable in the diverse fields of applications. The present work has been taken up with a view of exploring the possibilities of using agricultural by products as a source for the production of Tannase and optimizing conditions required to get maximum product…

Abstract: With the increased production of municipal solid waste by the disposal of plastic materials, there is a need to develop new biodegradable materials and biodegrade existing plastic materials in daily use. Polystyrene and expanded polystyrene are commodity plastics that are extensively used in packaging and other applications. Six bacterial isolates were isolated from soil buried expanded polystyrene films showing adherence and growth with the polystyrene as a sole carbon source. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of…

Abstract: All abiotic stresses adversely affect growth and development of cells. Direct effect of these factors results into condensation of nucleoid, crowding of cytoplasmic components, and increase in the Tm of membrane phase transition. Cells under prolonged exposure to these stresses, show pronounced effect on proteins, nucleic acids, and lipid membranes. Those that have developed mechanisms for acclimation only survive under unfavorable conditions. Bound water in both proteins and nucleic acids plays extensive role in t…

Abstract: The prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections was investigated among individuals from age 16 years and above attending out patient clinic in Federal medical centre (FMC) and other hospitals in Umuahia. A total of two hundred and fifty individuals were examined. The examinations of the samples from the patients were done according to bacteriological and hematological standards. The overall prevalence of M. tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infec…