Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: In order to study the genetic relationships and epidemiological links between strains circulating in the Vellore region of India, 70 wild type poliovirus strains isolated from paralytic poliomyelitis cases were sequenced at the VP1-2A junction region of the viral genome. This showed that three genotypes of types 1 and 2 and four genotypes of type 3 poliovirus were circulating in India at least since 1985. Different clusters were identified within wild genotypes. This study demonstrates the endemic circulation and w…

Abstract: Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS), commonly known as a part of normal-biota of human body, have become predominant pathogens over the last decades. Due to the vast use of antibiotics for therapy or prophylaxis, those CoNS strains acquired in the hospitals have become resistant to various antimicrobial agents. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2007 to June 2008 on 5063 clinical samples. Identification of CoNS was performed by routine microbiological methods using gram stainin…

Abstract: A total of twenty nine strains were isolated from the Kodiyakarai coastal sediments (Bay of Bengal) and ten of them exhibited multiple enzyme activity. Of these, the best (GK-22) was selected based on zone formation (amylase, cellulase and protease) and its growth conditions were standardized for better production of multiple enzymes. Present study on production of multiple enzymes (amylase, cellulase and protease) by GK-22 showed higher enzyme levels at the end of the stationary phase after incubation for 72 h at…

Abstract: The effects of particulate materials and osmoregulatators on lactic fermentation of cassava were determined on total dissolved loads of all the samples; the total reducing sugars of all samples, the microbial loads in all the samples, the percentage crude protein contents, crude fibres, crude fat/ether, ash, phytic acid and tannin. Sample A1 inoculated with varied concentrations of particulate materials had the highest total dissolved solid, total reducing sugar, lactic acid bacteria counts and total bacteria count…

Abstract: A study was carried out to determine the type of bacteria associated with bovine dermatophilosis in Zaria, Nigeria. Skin samples obtained from two hundred and eleven cattle with skin lesions suspected to be dermatophilosis were processed for bacteriology. One hundred and sixty-seven (79.1%) samples were positive for Dermatophilus congolensis, while 44 (20.9%) were negative. Both D. congolensis-positive and D. congolensis-negative samples were processed for isolation of other bacteria and the data was analyzed using…

Abstract: With the rapid expansion of cultivated land, bacterial soft rot of konjac is more and more serious. The main pathogen is Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Some researchers think the natural openings and wounds are the main infection pathways on konjac. In this study, the infection pathways are investigated. From macro-observation, the soft-rot pathogens could not directly invade the intact corms, but it could invade the infected corms through the new rots. At the same time, bud scales, roots and wounded corms c…

Abstract: Fluorescent pseudomonads (FP), a major component of rhizobacteria, promote the plant growth through their multifarious activities. In the present investigations, 10 strains of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the rhizosphere soils of bajra (Pennisetum glaucum), jowar (Sorghum vulgare), rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays) were screened for their plant growth promoting activity based on their ability to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophores, proteases, indole acetic acid (IAA), broad spectrum antifu…

Abstract: Distribution of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) was studied in rainbow trout fish farms in Chaharmahal and Bakhtyari Province which is a major trout culture region in Iran. Overall 150 suspected rainbow trout fry with less than 3 g body weight from 30 fish farms in Chaharmahal and Bakhtyari Province, Iran, were studied and fishes of 10 hatcheries (33.3% of all studied farms) found to be infected with IHNV. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to the detection of infectious he…

Abstract: Rifampin (RFP) is a major first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. The molecular assay currently used is the detection of rpoB gene mutations in M. tuberculosis. Recently, the Rv2629 191C allele was found to have a correlation with RFP resistance, and might become a valuable marker for the detection of RFP resistance or the Beijing genotype. We studied the association among the Rv2629 gene, rpoB gene, RFP resistance and Beijing genotype in 69 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates using DNA sequencing, conventional drug susce…

Abstract: RNA extraction from mycobacterial cells is more challenging than from any other cell type. We used the Trizol Reagent® with silica beads to disrupt cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. This method requires minimum reagents and handling and therefore aids in maintaining RNA integrity. The efficiency of cell disruption by this method was verified by microscopic analysis of the lysate. The yield and purity were determined using the Nanodrop-1000. A total volume of 50 µl containing 224.7 ng/µL of RNA was obtained…

Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate antimicrobial action of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gel and hyaluronate gel (Gengigel®) on dental biofilm. Pooled supra and subgingival dental biofilm were obtained from healthy individuals and incubated aerobically and anaerobically. Plaque bacteria investigated including Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus mitis, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, dental plaque pool samples (aerobic and anaerobic) and Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as internal…

Abstract: Production of cellulase and xylanase by Scopulariopsis acremonium through submerged fermentation was studied using shake flask cultivation media. The effect of process parameters such as effect of temperature, pH and inoculum size was investigated. The enzymes were partially purified using isopropanol and used for enzyme assays. The results indicated that the maximum cellulase and xylanase having an enzyme activity of 694.45 and 931.25 IU, respectively, were produced at 30°C incubation temperature. The pH optimum t…

Abstract: Group A rotavirus cause infectious, severe and dehydrating diarrhea which have great impact on childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the disease burden and risk factors of rotavirus infection among children 1 - 5 years in Zaria, Nigeria. Stool samples were collected from 666 diarrheic children and 170 matched non -diarrheic controls and screened for rotavirus antigen by ELISA. Their socio-demographic information and clinical presentations were also noted. There was a 15…

Abstract: Removal of biofilms is difficult. In industrial settings, both the inactivation and removal of biofilms are of huge concern. If only disinfection without the removal of attached biofilms occurs, the inactivated biofilm cells may provide an ideal environment for further adhesion and growth, resulting in a complex matrix. Microbial resistance to biocides and their negative environmental impact are the main reasons for finding alternative biofilm control strategies. Enzymes may offer such an alternative. The objective…

Abstract: A comparative serological test was carried out to identify the primary causative agent involved in the camel respiratory disease outbreak that occurred in Ethiopia. The samples were collected during and post outbreak time and analyzed for parainfulenza-3 and pasteurellosis. According to the result, parainfulenza-3 was found as a primary causative agent as 70.5% in outbreak and 6.8% in surveyed areas and there is a statistical significant variation observed between the outbreak and survey sera samples (P < 0.01). Ma…