Advanced Journal of Microbiology Research

Abstract: Sugarcane smut disease caused by the fungus Ustilago scitaminea significantly reduces the yield and quality of sugarcane. The disease was first reported in Kenya in 1958, in Nyanza and Coastal provinces and currently occurs in all major sugarcane growing areas of Kenya. Planting resistant varieties is the main smut control measure in Kenya. Planting smut resistant varieties was made compulsory in Kenya in 1963. However, varieties previously confirmed resistant are now susceptible. Reports indicate that some varieti…

Abstract: Fusarium arthrosporioides plus cellulase was evaluated on tomato root systems to ascertain whether cellulase, a cell wall degrading enzyme, could accelerate fungus infection of Orobanche aegyptiaca tubercles. Chopped mycelia alone (1.3 × 106 and 5.4 × 106 propagules ml-1) killed 17 and 37% of Orobanche tubercles, respectively while in the presence of cellulase (10 Uml-1) Orobanche tubercles mortality increased to 37 and 78%. Cellulase treatment alone was ineffective. Only a hypersensitive reaction (9% death) result…

Abstract: In multiple myeloma (MM) blood-borne malignant plasma cells home to bone marrow (BM), where they accumulate in close contact with stromal cells. Nevertheless, the mechanisms responsible for MM cell chemotaxis are still poorly defined. In the present study we explored the mechanisms involved in the chemotaxis of RPMI 8226 cell line, RPMI 8226 cell line was found to express CCR3, CCR5, CCR9, CXCR3 and CXCR4, but these cells were migrated only towards CXCL12 (the ligand for CXCR4). To clarify the signaling pathways in…

Abstract: Eight bacteria genera and yeasts were isolated from wara - a local soft cheese from Nigeria, the bacteria genera were made up of 76% lactic acid bacteria (LAB), 17% Enterobacteria and 7% Staphylococci. The LAB group was made up of the genera Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus and Pediococcus with Lactobacillus being the most frequently occurring genus. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterobacter made up the Enterobacteria group. A protease enzyme produced by the E. coli was characterized. Its activity was…

Abstract: The aim of this study was to isolate Salmonella from poultry and evaluation of their hsp groEL gene diversity by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. In this research 58 strains of 3 different Salmonella serogroups (D1, B and C) were isolated from poultry farms of East Azarbayjan province of Iran by bacteriological and biochemical tests. For confirmation of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis serovars multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was appl…

Abstract: The yeast Nadsonia fulvescens is characterized by a unique life cycle. After conjugation between the parent cell and the first bud, the zygote moves into a second bud formed at the opposite end of the parent cell. This second bud is then delimited by a septum and becomes the ascus. Usually one, rarely two spherical, brownish, spiny to warty ascospores are formed within the ascus giving rise to brown coloured colonies. Strikingly, no increased mitochondrial activity was observed in the ascus when compared to the veg…

Abstract: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen and it has been increasingly seen in community settings. The general objective of this study was to characterize by phenotyping and genotyping methods MRSA strains isolated from inpatients, outpatients and health care workers. Specimens were collected from patients in Ain Shams University hospitals. Genotyping is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP), following Hae II digestion of…

Abstract: The usage of Abarema cochliacarpos (Mimosaceae) in traditional medicine by many communities in Brazil for diseases such as leucorrhea and dermatitis and as an antiseptic might indicate its antimicrobial activities. In order to assay in vitro antimicrobial activity, three extracts (hot aqueous extract, cold aqueous extract and methanol extract) from stem bark of A. cochliacarpos were tested against a panel of standard microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 6835, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Escherichia coli ATC…

Abstract: The outer membrane protein (OMP) were extracted from38 strains of avian Escherichia coli which were isolated from the dead chickens of chicken breeding farms in 3 areas of Baoding, Qinhuangdao and Beijing by using ultrasonic cleaving and N- Lauroyl sarcosine sodium and OMP typing was done by SDS- PAGE to understand the genetic relationship of isolated strains from Avian pathogenic E. coli. There were 3 OMP types in these 38 strains of E. coli, in which, type OMP-1 was in common for 6 serotypes of isolated strains o…

Abstract: Composting is a process by which organic wastes are transformed into fertilizer, preventing excess organic matter accumulation. Microbes that carry out this transformation have application in biotechnology. Composting cell assembling is a complex process, it can reach several m3 of diverse materials. It is desirable a sampling methodology that allows the microbial analysis, however, this matter has not yet been approached by other researchers. In this work we tested soil auger to probe large-scale compost piles at…

Abstract: In this research, our goal is to determine Streptomyces species with antimicrobial activity from some regions of Northwest of Iran. The future studies will be performed to investigate the type of antimicrobial agents. In order to achieve to this aim, soil sample collected were diluted and cultured in SCA medium. The Actinomycetes were isolated considering morphological characteristics in macroscopic and microscopic levels and examined for the microbial activity. The antimicrobial positive bacteria were selected for…

Abstract: It has been reported that types of Demodex can be transmitted to other people through close contact and they can play a pathogenic role in rosacea, acne vulgaris, perioral dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, micropapillary-pruritic dermatitis, and blepharitis. Types of Demodex are reported to be located in various places of human body. The purpose of the present study was to detect the presence of Demodex spp. in the samples taken from the faces and perinea areas of the young men using standardized surface skin bio…

Abstract: Botrytis cinerea is a widespread parasitic fungus that infects many crops and reduces their productivity. Trichoderma harzianum, also a fungus, has been commercially used as a biofungicide to control B. cinerea. The spores of T. harzianum, currently used in the application, have some drawbacks such as efficacy affected by the environmental condition and sensitivity to chemical fungicides. Instead of using the living microbe, the extract from T. harzianum fermented broth may be applied to control B. cinerea. It was…

Abstract: The aim of this study was to isolate bacteria capable of degrading swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid in poisonous plants of Oxytropis and Astragalus. The bacterium HW08 was isolated and enriched from soil and its physiological and biochemical properties, 16S rRNA gene and the ability of swainsonine-degradation were investigated. The results showed that HW08 was a species of Arthrobacter sp. Under the optimized temperature (30°C) and pH value (7.0), HW08 (OD600 = 0.3) could degrade about 2 mg swainsonine in 5 ml…

Abstract: This investigation was carried out to determine the bacterial flora of soils contaminated with used oil (petroleum products) in Keffi town. Pour plate method involving the use of serial dilutions was employed for the isolation of the bacteria. Soil samples from 10 different mechanic workshops in Keffi town were obtained and plated out on plate count agar, eosin methylene blue agar, brilliant green agar, desoxycholate citrate agar and mannitol salt agar to isolate the bacterial species from the soils contaminated wi…